Phlebotomy 115 Week 5
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| Preferred Puncture Sites | Fleshy surface of the distal degment of the third (middle) or fourth (ring) finger
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| Not recommended Puncture Sites | Sides or extreme tip of the finger
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| Preferred Puncture Site | Lateral or medial plantar surface of the heel (pediatric phlebotomies)
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| Blood volume of a human | 4-5 L
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| Not recommended Puncture Site | Earlobe
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| Not Recommended Puncture Site | Central arch area of an infants heel and posterior curve of the heel
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| Not recommended Puncture Site | Fingers of a newborn or infant
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| Not recommended Puncture Site | The fifth (pinky) finger
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| Not recommended Puncture Site | The thumb, because it has a pulse
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| Not Recommended Puncture Site | The index (pointer) finger
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| Not Recommended Puncture Sites | Fingers on the side of a mastectomy
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| Not Recommended Puncture Sites | Swollen or previously punctured sites
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| Complications from heelsticks | Cellulitis
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| Complications from heelsticks | Osteomyelitis of the calcaneus
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| Complications from heelsticks | Abscess formation
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| Complications from heelsticks | Tissue loss
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| Complications from heelsticks | Scarring of the heel
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| Complications from heelsticks | Calcified nodules (most common in neonates)
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| Professional Organizations for Phlebotomists | NPA - National Phlebotomy Association
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| Organizations for Phlebotomists | ASCP - The American Society for Clinical Pathology
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| Organizations for Phlebotomy | ASCLS - The American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
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| Organizations for Phlebotomy | AMT - American Medical Technologists
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| Organizations for Phlebotomy | ASPT - American Society of Phlebotomy Technicians
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| Organizations for Phlebotomy | NAACLS - National Accredediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences
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| Organizations for Phlebotomy | NHA - National Healthcareer Association
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| Order of the Draw | Yellow, Light Blue, Red or Gold, Green, Lavender or Pink, Gray
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| Order of the Draw | EDTA specimens, other tubes with additives, non-additive tubes
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| EMLA | A topical anesthetic, needs to sit approx. 1 hr before working
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| Certification Agencies for Phlebotomists | NPA - National Phlebotomy Association
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| Certification Agencies for Phlebotomists | ASCP - The American Society for Clinical Pathology
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| Certification Agencies for Phlebotomists | AMT - American Medical Technologists
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| Certification Agencies for Phlebotomists | ASPT - American Society of Phlebotomy Technicians
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| Certification Agencies for Phlebotomists | NHA - National Healthcareer Association
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| Specimen of choice of Chemistry Department | Green or Gold
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| Indications for Capillary Blood Collection | Burn Victims
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| Indications for Capillary Blood Collection | Obesity
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| Indications for Capillary Blood Collection | Thrombic tendencies - people who tend to have blood clots
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| Indications for Capillary Blood Collection | Fagile, shallow veins
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| Indications for Capillary Blood Collection | Saving veins for chemotherapy or other treatment
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| Indication for Capillary Blood Collection | Point of care testing - only requires a ver small amount of blood, such as hematocrits, hemoglobin, or blood glucoses
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| Capillary Collection | Step 1 - Chose a finger that is not cold, cyanotic or swollen-preferably the 3rd or 4th finger on the non-dominate hand or the heel on infants less than 1yr of age
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| Capillary Collection | Cleanse site with 70% alcohol
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| Capillary Collection | Step 3 - Allow to air dry
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| Capillary Collection | Step 4 - Secure finger or heel firmly
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| Capillary Collection | Step 5 - Use a retractable safety device for capillary puncture
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| Capillary Collection | Step 6 - Position devive perpendicular to the fingerprints and activate device by pressing on the release mechanism
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| Newborn Screening Tests | PKU - Phenylketonuria
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| Newborn Screening Tests | Toxoplasmosis
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| Newborn Screening Tests | Sickle cell disease
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| Newborn Screening Tests | HIV
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| Newborn Screening Tests | Galactosemia
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| Newborn Screening Tests | Maple syrup disease
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| Venipuncture in pediatrics | Use the standard antecubital space if possible
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| Venipuncture in pediatrics | Use a 23 guage needle
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| Venipuncture in pediatrics | Stabilize the childs arm
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| Venipuncture in pediatrics | Make sure the alcohol is dry
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| Venipuncture in pediatrics | Select the median cubital vein
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| Venipuncture in pediatrics | Stretch the skin tight
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| Interventions to Alleviate Pain | EMLA
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| Interventions to Alleviate Pain | Oral sucrose - 24% solution
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| Albumin | Serum protein formed from amino acids, values can provide information on hydration, nutrition and liver function
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| Globulin | Serum protein formed from amino acids, valus can provide information on hydration, nutrition and liver function
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| Alkaline Phosphates | An enzyme that plays a role in the crystalization of calcium salts
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| Bilirubin | A waste product removed by the liver and excreted in the bile
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| BUN | Blood Urea Nitrogen, excess amino acids are converted to urea, high BUN levels indicate poor kidney function
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| Creatinine | A metabolic prodict of creatine, a substance stored in the muscle and used for energy, creatinine is excreted by the kidneys
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| Creatine kinase (CK) | An enzyme in the blood that may indicate that an infarction has occured
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| Electrolytes | Includes K+, Na+, CO2, and Cl-
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| Electrolytes | Vital to acid/base balance, pH, heart and muscle function
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| Gout | A metabolic disorder caused by the formation of crystals of uric acid within the synovial fluid of joints
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| Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | An enzyme in the blood that may indicate that an infarction has occured
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| Liver enzymes | ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, and LDH
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| Triglycerides | The main form of lipid storage in adults, the serum or plasma may be milky in appearance when hyperlipidema is present
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| Glucose | The main analyte measured when evaluating carbohydrate metabolism
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| Glucose | Normal values 70-110mg/dl
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| Fasting blood glucose | A blood specimen is collected when a patient has been fasting for a specified period of time, usually 8-12 hrs
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| Fasting blood glucose | A value above 126 mg/dl is indicative of hyperglycemia in the fasting patient
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| 2 hour post-parandial | A blood specimen is collected when a patient is fasting, and the patient is then instructed to eat a meal rich in carbohydrates or to drink a standardized bottle of glucola (50-100g of glucose)
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| 2 hour post-parandial | Blood is drawn 2 hours post meal
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| 2 hour post-parandial | Blood glucose level should return to normal or below 110mg/dl after 2 hours
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| Lipids | Organic compounds containing carbons, hydrogens, and oxygens, includes fats, oils and waxes, synthesized from dietary fats in the body
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| Uric acid | A metabolic waste product formed by the breakdown of nucleic acids and excreted by the kidney, cause of gout when it precicipitates into crystals
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| GTT | Glucose Tolerance Test
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| GTT | Test for diabetes & hypoglycemia
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| GTT | Critical values - blood glucose below 40 mg/do or above 400 mg/dl
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Created by:
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