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ed2go Medical terms NIC chapter 1 & 2

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Question
Answer
abdominal cavity (ab-DOM-ih-nal)   Abdomen, contains primarily the major organs of digestion  
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abdominocentesis (ab-dom-ih-noh-sen-TEE-sis)   abdomen + surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes  
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acronym (ACK-roh-nim)   A word formed from the initial letters of other words  
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acute   has a rapid onset, severe course, short duration  
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aden/o   gland  
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adenectomy (ad-eh-NECK-toh-mee)   gland + surgical removal  
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adenocarcinoma (ad-eh-noh-kar-sih-NOH-mah)   gland + cancer + malignant tumor; mass  
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adenoma (ad-eh-NOH-mah)   gland + benign tumor; mass (resembles glandular tissue)  
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adenomalacia (ad-eh-noh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)   gland + softening  
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adenosclerosis (ad-eh-noh-skleh-ROH-sis)   gland + hardening  
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adip/o   fat or fatty  
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-algia   pain  
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anaplasia (an-ah-PLAY-zee-ah)   change in structure of cells and orientation to each other  
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anatomy (ah-NAT-oh-mee)   study of the structure of the body  
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angiography (an-jee-OG-rah-fee)   blood vessel + record producing imagesanomaly  
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anomoly(ah-NOM-ah-lee)   a deviation from normal  
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anter/o   before  
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anterior (an-TEER-ee-or)   relating to or situated in front  
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-aplasia (ah-PLAY-zee-ah)   incomplete or faulty development of an organ or part  
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appendectomy (ap-en-DECK-toh-mee)   appendix + surgical removal  
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arteriosclerosis (ar-tee-ree-oh-skleh-ROH-sis)   artery + hardening  
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arthralgia (ar-THRAL-jee-ah)   joint + pain  
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bloodborne transmission   spread of disease through contact with blood or body fluids contaminated with blood  
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cardi/o   heart  
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cardiac   heart, pertaining to  
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caud/o   tail or lower part of body  
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caudal (KAW-dal)   toward the lower part of the body  
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centesis   surgical puncture to remove fluid  
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cephal/o   head  
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cephalic (seh-FAL-ick)   toward the head  
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chromosomes (KROH-moh-sohmes)   genetic structures within the nucleus  
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colostomy (koh-LAHS-toh-mee)   colon + creation of artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface.  
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communicable disease (kuh-MEWnih-kuh-bul)   transmitted from one person to another  
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congenital disorder (kon-JEN-ih-tahl)   exists at the time of birth  
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cranium   skull, portion of the skull that encloses the brain  
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cyan/o   blue  
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cyanosis (sigh-ah-NOH-sis)   blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood  
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cyt/o   cell  
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cytology   study of cells  
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cytoplasm (SIGH-toh-plazm)   material within a cell but not part of nucleus  
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dermatologist (der-mah-TOL-oh-jist)   skin + specialist of diagnosing and treating disorders  
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diagnosis (dye-ag-NOH-sis)   identification of a disease  
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diarrhea (dye-ah-REE-ah)   flow of frequent loose stools  
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distal (DIS-tal)   situated farthest from the midline  
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dorsal (DOR-sal)   back of the body or organ  
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dys-   bad, difficult, painful  
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dysplasia (dis-PLAY-see-ah)   abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues or organs  
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-ectomy   surgical removal  
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edema (eh-DEE-mah)   swelling caused by excess fluid in the body tissues  
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endarterial (end-ar-TEE-ree-al)   interior or lining of an artery  
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endemic (en-DEM-ick)   ongoing presence of disease, such as the common cold  
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endo-   within  
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endocrine glands (EN-doh-krin)   glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream  
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epidemic (ep-ih-DEM-ick)   sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease  
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epigastric region (ep-ih-GAS-trick)   region above the stomach  
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eponym (EP-oh-nim)   named for the person that discovered  
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erythr-/o   Red  
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erythrocyte (eh-RITH-roh-sight)   red + blood (mature red blood cell)  
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etiology (ee-tee-OL-oh-jee)   study of the causes of diseases  
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exo   out of  
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exocrine glands (ECK-soh-krin)   Glands that secrete substances into ducts leading either to 0rgans or out of the body  
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fissure (FISH-ur)   grove or crack like sore of the skin, normal fold in contours of the brain  
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fistula (FIS-tyou-lah)   abnormal passage, usually between two organs, from organ to body surface  
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functional disorder   produces symptoms with no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified  
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gastr/o   stomach  
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gastralgia (gas-TRAL-jee-ah)   pain in the stomach  
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gastritis (gas-TRY-tis)   stomach + inflammation  
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gastroenteritis (gas-troh-en-ter-EYE-tis)   stomach + small intestine + inflammation  
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gastrosis (gas-TROH-sis)   stomach + disease or abnormal condition  
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genetic disorder   condition caused by an absent or defective gene  
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geriatrician (jer-ee-ah-TRISH-un)   physician who specializes in older people  
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-graphy   a picture or record  
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hemophilia (hee-moh-FILL-ee-ah)   bleeding disorder which factors are missing to clot blood, from mother to son  
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hemorrhage (HEM-or-idj)   loss of a large amount of blood  
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hepatomegaly (hep-ah-toh-MEG-ah-lee)   liver + abnormal enlargement  
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hist/o   tissue  
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histology (hiss-TOL-oh-jee)   study of tissues  
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homeostasis (hoh-mee-oh-STAY-sis)   process that the body maintains a constant internal environment  
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hyper-   excessive or increased  
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hyperplasia (high-per-PLAY-zee-ah)   enlargement of an organ or tissue due to abnormal increase of cells in the tissue  
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hypertension (high-per-TEN-shun)   elevated blood pressure  
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hypertrophy (high-PER-troh-fee)   enlargement of a part/organ due to increase in size w/no additional cells in the tissues  
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hypo-   deficient, decreased  
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hypogastric region (high-poh-GAS-trick)   area of the abdomen located below the stomach  
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hypoplasia (high-poh-PLAY-zee-ah)   incomplete development of an organ or tissue due to deficiency in number of cells  
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hypotension (high-poh-TEN-shun)   lower than normal blood pressure  
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iatrogenic illness (eye-at-roh-JEN-ick)   side effects from medication  
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idiopathic disorder (id-ee-oh-PATH-ick)   illness without a known cause  
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infection (in-FECK-shun)   invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism  
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infectious disease (in-FECK-shus)   illness caused by bacterium, virus or fungus  
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inflammation (in-flah-MAY-shun)   heat, redness, swelling and pain  
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inguinal (ING-gwih-nal)   entire lower part of the abdomen referred to as the groin  
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interstitial (in-ter-STISH-al)   between, but not within, the parts of tissue  
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intramuscular (in-trah-MUS-kyou-lar)   within, inside + muscle  
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-itis   inflammation  
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laceration (lass-er-AY-shun)   torn or ragged wound  
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lesion (LEE-zhun)   pathologic change in the tissues due to disease or injury  
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leuk/o   white  
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leukocyte (LOO-koh-sight)   blood, white blood cell  
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medial (MEE-dee-al)   direction toward, or nearer, the midline  
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Melan/o   black  
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melanosis (mel-ah-NOL-sis)   Tissue or organs, condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in the body or organs  
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mesentery (MESS-en-terr-ee)   fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum attaching the intestine to the abdominal wall  
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midsagittal plane (mid-SADJ-ih-tal)   a vertical line that divides the left and right side of the body  
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mycosis (my-KOH-sis)   condition or disease caused by a fungus  
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myelopathy (my-eh-LOP-ah-thee)   pathologic condition of the spinal cord  
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myopathy (my-OP-ah-thee)   pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue  
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myorrhexis (my-oh-RECK-sis)   muscle + rupture  
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natal (NAY-tal)   pertaining to birth  
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neonatology (nee-oh-nay-TOL-oh-jee)   new (newborn) + study of disorders  
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neur-   nerve  
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neuritis (new-RYE-tis)   nerve + inflammation  
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neuroplasty   nerve + surgical repair  
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nosocomial infection (nos-oh-KOH-mee-al in-   Infection acquired in a hospital or clinic  
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-ologist   specialist  
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-ology   the study of  
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osis   abnormal condition or disease  
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ostomy   surgical creation of an artificial opening  
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otomy   surgical incision  
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otorhinolaryngology (oh-toh-rye-noh-lar-in-GOLoh-jee)   ear + nose + throat + study of  
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palpation (pal-PAY-shun)   physical examination  
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palpitation (pal-pih-TAY-shun)   pounding or racing heart rhythm  
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pandemic (pan-DEM-ick)   A disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide  
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path   practitioner that emphasizes one aspect of a disease or its treatment  
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path/o   disease, pathological  
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pathology (pah-THOL-oh-jee)   disease + study of  
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pelvic cavity (PEL-vick)   space formed by the hip bones  
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peritoneum (pehr-ih-toh-NEE-um)   Membrane that protects/supports the organs located in the abdominal cavity.  
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peritonitis (pehr-ih-toh-NIGH-tis)   Inflammation of the peritoneum  
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peylitis   renal pelvis + inflammation  
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phalanges (fah-LAN-jeez)   finger or toe bone, plural = more than one  
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phalanx (fah LAN-ex)   finger or toe bone, singular = only one  
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phenylketonuria (fen-il-kee-toh-NEW-ree-ah)   genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing  
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physiology (fiz-ee-OL-oh-jee)   study of the functions of the body structures  
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-plasia   formation  
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-plasty   surgical repair  
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poli/o   gray  
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poliomyelitis (poh-lee-oh-my-eh-LYE-tis)   spinal cord, viral infection of the gray matter of thee spinal cord  
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poster/o   back or toward the back  
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posterior (pos-TEER-ee-or)   situated in back  
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prognosis (prog-NOH-sis)   prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder  
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prostate (PROS-tayt)   male gland under bladder & surrounds the urethra  
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proximal (PROCK-sih-mal)   situated nearest the midline  
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py/o   pus  
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pyel/o   renal pelvis, part of the kidney  
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pyoderma (pye-oh-DER-mah)   pus + derma, acute/inflammatory/pus bacterial skin infection  
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pyr/o   fever or fire  
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pyrosis (pye-ROH-sis)   fever + abnormal condition or disease  
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remission   temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of symptoms of disease without achieved a cure  
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retroperitoneal (ret-roh-pehr-ih-toh-NEE-al)   Located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity  
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rrhage   bleeding or severe bleeding (  
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-rrhaphy   surgical suturing to close wound  
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-rrhea   flow or discharge of most body fluids  
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-rrhexis   rupture  
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-sclerosis   abnormal hardening  
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sign   objective evidence of disease, can be evaluated by others  
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-stasis   control  
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stem cells   Unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods of time through cell division  
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supination (soo-pih-NAY-shun)   rotate arm so palm is forward or upward  
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suppuration (sup-you-RAY-shun)   formation or discharge of pus  
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supracostal (sue-prah-KOS-tal)   above or outside + rib  
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symptom (SIMP-tum)   subjective evidence of disease such as pain or headache  
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syndrome (SIN-drohm)   set of signs and symptoms together as part of a specific disease process  
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thoracic cavity (thoh-RAS-ick)   cavity that protects the heart and the lungs; also known as the chest  
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tonsill/o   tonsils  
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tonsillectomy   tonsils + surgical removal of  
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tonsillitis (ton-sih-LYE-tis)   tonsils + inflammation of  
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transverse plane (trans-VERSE)   horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions  
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trauma (TRAW-mah)   wound or injury  
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triage (tree-AHZH)   screening patient for priority and treatment  
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umbilicus (um-BILL-ih-kus)   umbilical cord was attached before birth  
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vector-borne transmission   spread of a disease due to the bite of a vector capable of transmitting that disease  
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ventral (VEN-tral)   Front or belly side of the body or organ or anterior  
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viral (VYE-ral)   pertaining to virus  
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