Muslces of the Spine and Thorax
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| Splenius Capitis* | Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of c-7 to t-3 | Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line | UNILATERALLY:rotates the head and neck to the same side, laterally flex the head and neck BILATERALLY: extends head and neck
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| Splenius Cervicis* | Spinous Process of t-3 to t-6 | Transverse prcesses of the upper cervical vertebrae | UNILATERALLY:rotates the head and neck to the same side, laterally flex the head and neck BILATERALLY: extends head and neck
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| Quadratus Lumborum* | Posterior illac crest | Last rib and transverse processes of 1st- 4th lumbar vertebrae | UNILATERALLY: laterally tilts pelvis, laterally flexes the vertebral column to the same side. BILATERALLY: assist to extend the veretbral column, fix thte last rib during inhalation and forced exhalation
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| Rectus Abdominis* | Pubic crest, Pubic symphosis | Cartilage of 5,6,7th ribs and xiphiod process | Flexes the vertebral column
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| External Oblique* | Lower eight ribs | anterior part of hte illac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba | UNILATERALLY: laterally flex the vertabral column to the same side, rotate vertebral column to the opposite side. BILATERALLY: flex vertebral column, compress abdominal contents
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| Internal Oblique* | Lateral ingiunial ligament, illac crest and thoracolumbar fascia | internal surfcae of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba | UNILATERALLY: laterally flex the vertabral column to the same side, rotate vertebral column to the opposite side. BILATERALLY: flex vertebral column, compress abdominal contents
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| Transverse Abdominis* | Lateral inguinal ligament, iilac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, and internal surface of lower six ribs | abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba | compress addominal contents
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| Diaphram | inner surface of lower six ribs, upper two or three lumbar vertebrae, inner part of xiphiod process | central tendon | draw down the central tendon of the diaphram, increases volume of thoractic cavity during inhalation
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| Intercostals (external and internal) | inferior border of the rib above | superior border to rib below | assist in inhalation and exhalation
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| Erector Spinae Group | common tendon that attaches to the postieror surface of sacrum, i llac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae | various attachments at the posterior ribs, spinous and transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae, and mastoid process of temporal bone | laterally flex vertebral column to same side and extends vertebral column
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| Multifidi | sacrum and transverse porcesses of lumbar through cervical vertebrae | spinous processses of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae ( spans 2-4 vertebrae) | rotate the vertebral colum to the opposite side, and extends vertebral column
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| Rotatores | transverse processes of lumbar through cervica vertebrae | spinous processses of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae (spans 1-2 vertebae) | rotate the vertebral colum to the opposite side, and extends vertebral column
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| Semispilalis Capitis | transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, articular processes of lower cervicals | spinous processes of upper thoracic and cervicals (except c-1), superioir nuchal line of occiput. | extends vertebral column and head
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Tara_Marie
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