lehninger chapter 10 on lipids
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| What are the 3 types of classes of Eicosanoids? | 1.Prostaglandins 2. Thrombaxanes 3. Leukotrienes
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| What are Eicosanoids derived form? | Derived from Arachidonic Acid -a 20 carbon FA molecule
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| Eicosonoids functiono by | working on neighboring cells-near by intercellular signals
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| Phosphatidlyinosital | is an intracellular lipid signal molecule
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| Steroids defined | Long distance intercellular messagers between tissues/more polar than sterols/has two polar groups/still need carrier protein to reach target tissue
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| Steroids are derived | from cholesterol
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| steroid examples | testosterone, estradial, cortisol, aldosterone, prednisolone and prednisone
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| lipds can functionas | storage, structural, or signals
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| lipids as storage molecules | for long term energy fats and oils
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| what part of the fatty acid storage molecule is hydophilic and what part is hydrophopic | has a hydophilic head region and long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain
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| the solubility of naturally occuring fatty acid storage molecules such as fats and oils show what kind of relationship between # of carbons, double bonds and melting point | as the number of Carbons increase the melting point also rises. the more carbons the less soluble it is in water and it goes from ordered to disorder
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| the reason saturated fatty acids are solid at room temp | because no double bonding allows the FA's to line up next to each other
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| we have oils at room temp because | double bonds can't line up next to each other
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| the more double bonds you have the higher or lower the melting temp gets | the lower teh melting temp gets and the harder it is to solidify
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| the difference between mon and poly unsaturated | poly is the pressence of one or more =bond and mono is only one =bond
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| serum albumins | lipid in vetebrate that transport FA's in blood
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| esters | most FA's are derivatized from this
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| adipocytes function in vertebrates as | cells that store large amounts of TAG's
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| what is the function fo Lipase | it is an enzyme that hydrolyzes TAG's to yield FA's so they can be digested
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| what are some advantages of storing energy in TAG vs. polysaccharides | hydrophobic/not hydrated,insulation, energy density is 2x >
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| most natural fatty acids in foods are mixtures of TAG's and FA's of varying length their melting temp are direct function of | their fatty acid compositiono
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| the unsaturated fatty acid part of vegetable oils accounts for ___ state at room temp | liquid
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| the saturated parts of fatty acids ____cease the melting point so butter is a soft solid at room temp | increase
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| liquids oils which are better for you are converted into solid fats industrially by | hydrogenation to reduce double bonds or to convert the bonds into trans double bond
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| triacylglycereols contain | three fatty acid molecules esterified to the three hydroxyl goups of glycerol they serve mainly as storage lipids
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| waxes have _____ MP than that of triacylglycereols so they tend to be solids at room temp | higher
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| waxes are composed of | FA + alcohol+ ester
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| Waxes are hydro philic or phobic which allows it to repell water on plants and flies | hydrophobi
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| what are the two structural membrance lipids to know | dlyerophospholipids and sphingolipids
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| structural memebrane lipids have what two common "hanger molecule | glycerol and sphingosine
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| glycerophospholipids | polar or charge head group and and polar alcohol groups in membrane
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| sphingolipids | polar head group, hydrophobic group in membrane
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| gycosphingolipids | polar part sticks out and functions as blood groups determinent
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| if see picture of 4 fused ring on test know it is a | sterol
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| sterols are structural lipids composed of | polar head, and hydrophobid alkyl side chain making them a amphipathic molecule
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| what is the major sterol in animls | cholesterol
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| does the polar head or the alkly side chain amrk the sterols as different from each other | side group
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