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Summary of Chapter 3

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The review of related literature   involves systematically identifying, locating, analyzing documents pertaining to the research topic  
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Major purpose of reviewing the literature   to identify information that already exists about your topic  
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Literature review   can point out research strategies, procedures, and instruments that have & have not been found to be productive in investigating your topic  
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A small well organized review is   preferred to a review containing many studies that are less related to the problem  
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Heavily researched areas   usually provide enough references directly related to a topic to eliminate the need for reporting less related or secondary studies.  
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Little researched topics   usually require review of any study related in some meaningful way so that the researcher may develop a logical framework and rationale for the study  
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Qualitative researchers are   more likely to construct their review after starting their study  
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Quantitative researchers   more likely to construct the review prior to starting their study  
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Qualitative research review of related literature   may demonstrate the underlying assumptions behind the research questions, convince proposal reviews that the researcher is knowledgeable about intellectual traditions  
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Qualitative research review of related literature   provide the researcher with an opportunity to identify any gaps in the body of literature and how the proposed study may contribute to the existing body of knowledge, & help the qualitative researcher to refine research questions.  
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Most sources have   alphabetical subject indexes to help you locate information on your topic  
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Keywords   should guide your literature search  
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Good way to start a review of relate literature   is with a narrow search of pertinent educational encyclopedias, handbooks, & annual reviews found in libraries.  
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These resources provide   broad overviews of issues in various subject areas.  
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An article or report written by the person who conducted the study   primary source  
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A brief description of a study written by someone other than the original researcher   secondary source  
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Primary sources   are preferred in the review.  
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Most libraries   use an electronic catalog system that indexes all sources, by author, titles, and subject  
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Keyword search   uses terms or phrases pertinent to your topic to search for and identify potentially useful sources.  
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Keyword searches can be focused by using the   Boolean operators AND, OR, and NOT.  
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Using AND or NOT   narrows a search and reduces the number of sources identified  
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Using OR   broadens the search and increases the number of sources.  
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Narrow search   often best to start with  
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Computer databases   can facilitate the identification of relevant primary sources  
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Most used databases   ERIC, Education Index, PsycINFO, (Psychological Abstracts), and Dissertation Abstracts  
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ERIC   world's largest database on education and is used by more than 500,000 people each year  
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Available resources on the World Wide Web   almost limitless, best way to become familiar with its use is to "surf" in your spare time.  
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The Web contains   a variety of sites relevant to an educational researcher  
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Addresses containing   ed or ending in .edu are related to educational institutions, those ending in.com are related to commercial enterprises, those ending in .org refer to organizations (including professional organizations), those ending in .gov link to government site  
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It is important to evaluate all literature sources by asking   What was the problem statement of the study? Who was studied? Where was the source published? When was the study conducted? And how was the study conducted?  
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Abstracting   involves creating summaries by locating, reviewing, summarizing, and classifying your references  
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Main advantage of beginning with the latest references on your topic   the most recent studies are likely have profited from previous research  
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References in recent studies   often contain references to previous studies you have not yet identified  
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For each source work,   list complete bibliographic record, including author's name, date of publication, title, journal name or book title, volume, issue number, page numbers, and library call number  
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For each source work,   briefly list main ideas, put quotation marks around quotes taken from the source and include page numbers. Keep all references in the format required for research reports or dissertations  
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Technical writing   requires documenting facts & substantiating opinions, clarifying definitions & using them consistently, using an accepted style manual, and starting sections with an introduction and ending them with a brief summary  
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Meta analysis   statistical approach to summarizing the results of many quantitative studies addressing the same topic  
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Meta analysis   provides a numerical way of expressing the composite result of the studies  
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Central characteristic of meta analysis   it is as inclusive as possible  
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Effect size is a numerical way   of expressing the strength or magnitude of a reported relation  
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meta analysis   an effect size is computed for each study and then the individual effect sizes are averaged  
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