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Apologia Exploring Creation with General Science Module 6

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terms
definitions
catastrophism   the view that most of earth's geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes such as floods, volcanic eruptions, etc.  
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uniformitarianism   the view that most of earth's geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or even billions of years.  
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humus   the decayed remains of once-living creatures  
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minerals   inorganic crystalline substances found naturally in the earth  
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weathering   the process by which rocks are broken down by the forces of nature  
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erosion   the process by which sediments and rock fragments are carried away by wind or rain  
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unconformity   a surface of erosion that separates one layer of rock from another  
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sedimentary rock   rock formed from sediments (sand, silt, and other components of soil) and laid down by water or some other agent.  
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igneous rock   rock formed from molten rock, which is usually called magna.  
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metamorphic rock   rock that has undergone extreme change due to lots of heat and pressure.  
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lamination   when a single layer of rock is less than 1 centimeter  
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nonconformity   when stratified layers rest on top of unstratified layers  
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disconformities   when there are parallel, stratified rock layers above and below the unconformity, but there is a clear surface of erosion between them  
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paraconformities   unidentifiable unconformities  
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intrusion   "veins" of igneous rock that shoot right through several layers of sedimentary rock  
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sills   intrusions that run in the same direction as the strata  
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dikes   "veins" that run perpendicular to the dirrection of the strata  
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