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Chap 20

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
Drug for status epilepticus   Diazepam, lorazepam, phenobarbital, fosphenytoin  
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Drug interaction   Carbamazepine and phenytoin induce cytochrome P450 enzymes and decrease serum levels of the drugs with which they interact  
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Drug interaction   Valproate inhibits the metabolism of the drugs with which it interacts  
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Epilepsy and pregnancy   Valproate and phenytoin cause birth defects and both can reduce folate levels  
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Carbamazepine   seizures, trigeminal neuralgia (pain on one or both side of face), bipolar disease  
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Epilepsy and pregnancy   Valproate and phenytoin cause birth defects and both can reduce folate levels  
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Carbamazepine   seizures, trigeminal neuralgia (pain on one or both side of face), bipolar disease  
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Carbamazepine   cause drowsiness, ataxia, CNS depression, GI  
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Phenytoin contraindication   not use in children and pregnancy  
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Phenytoin   cause: megaloblratic anemia, birth defects, fetal hydantoin syndrome (cardiac defects, malformation of ears, lips, palate, mouth and nasal bridge, mental retardation, microcephaly; ataxia, diplopia, nystagmus, slurred speech;  
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Phenytoin   cause osteomalacia; gingival hyperpalsia, excessive hair growth (hirsutism)  
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Topiramate use   adjunct use for partial seizures  
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Topiramate   reduce serum level of oral contraceptives  
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Topiramate s/e   ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness  
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Topiramate   have several mechanisms of actions, halflife 21 hours, metabolism induced by carbamazepine and phenytonin  
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Ethosuximide   first choice in treatment of absence seizure in children, not for adults (valproate instead)  
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Ethosuximide   valproate inhibits metabolism and increase serum levels, effect is altered by Haloperidol  
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gabapentin   GABA analogue, increase the release of GABA from central neurons, absorption from the gut is inversely related to the dose  
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gabapentin   treat all forms of partial seizures  
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gabapentin s/e   ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness, nystagmus, tremor  
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Benzo used in seizure treatment   clonazepam, diazepam (IV), lorazepam (IV)  
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Benefits of benzo   produces more sedation than other antiepileptic drugs  
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