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X-Ray Imaging System

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Question
Answer
The function of the x-ray imaging system is to provide a controlled flow of ____ intense enough to produce an x-ray beam for imaging.   electrons  
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What are the three main components of an x-ray imaging system?   x-ray tube, operating console and high voltage generator  
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X-Ray systems operate at voltages of ____ - ____ kVp and tube currents of ___-___ mA.   25-150; 100 - 1200  
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Which radiolucent material is used for the production x-ray tables?   carbon fiber  
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The ____ _____ allows radiologic technologist to control the x-ray tube current and voltage.   operating console  
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_____ ______ refers to the number of x-rays or the intensity of the x-ray beam.   Radiation quantity  
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_____ _____ refers to the penetrability of the x-ray beam.   Radiation quality  
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Most x-ray imaging systems are designed to operate on ___ V power.   220  
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The voltage provided to an x-ray unit easily may vary by as much as ___%.   5  
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The ____ ______measures the voltage provided to the x-ray imaging system and adjusts that voltage to precisely 220 V.   line compensator  
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The power suppled to the x-ray system is delivered FIRST to the _________.   autotransformer  
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The _____ has a single winding and is designed to supply a precise voltage to the filament circuit and to the high-voltage circuit of the x-ray imaging system.   autotransformer  
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The voltage an autotransformer receives (Vp) and the voltage it provides (Vs) are _____ related to the number of turns of the transformer (Ns;Np) enclosed by the respective connections.   directly  
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What is the Autotransformer Law?   Vs/Vp=Ns/Np  
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____ determines the quality of the x-ray beam.   kVp  
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Step up transformer ____ the voltage to the chosen kVp.   increases  
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Number of electrons emitted by the filament is controlled by _____ of the filament.   temperature  
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The x-ray tube current should always cross from ____ to ____ and is measured in ___.   cathode - anode ; milliamperes (mA)  
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The filament temperature is controlled by the filament ____ and is measured in _____.   current; amperes  
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An increase in filament current and temperature will allow more electrons to be released by _____ ____.   thermionic emission  
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Filament operate at currents of __ - __ A.   3 - 6  
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mAs is also _____ ____.   electrostatic charge  
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The filament transformer is a ___-___ transformer; therefore the voltage supplied to the filament is ____.   step-down; lower  
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A filament transformer steps down the V to approximately ___ V and provides current to ___ the filament.   12; heat  
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A guard timer will terminate an exposure after approximately ___ seconds.   6  
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What are the four types of timers?   synchronous, electronic, mAs and AEC timers  
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Synchronous timers are based off ___ Hz.   60  
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_____ timers are most sophisticated, accurate and also controlled by a microprocessor.   Electronic  
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____ determines the number of x-rays emitted and therefore the exposure of the IR.   mAs  
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The mAs timer is designed to provide the highest ____ and shortest ____.   kVp; exposure  
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____ is used primarily for electrical insulation.   Oil  
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The ___-____ ______ increases output voltage from the autotransformer to the kVp needed for x-ray production.   high-voltage generator  
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What are the three parts to a high-voltage generator?   high voltage transformer, filament transformer and rectifiers  
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In a step-up transformer, the ____ voltage is higher than the _____ voltage, because the number of secondary windings is higher than the primary windings.   secondary; primary  
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The ratio of the number of secondary windings to the number of primary windings is called the ____ ____.   turns ratio  
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Voltage and the turns ratio is ___ proportional.   directly  
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Primary voltage is measured in ___; secondary voltage is measured in ___.   volts; kilovolts  
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Transformers operate only on _____.   AC (alternating current)  
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The turns ratio of a high voltage transformer is usually between ___ and _____.   500:1; 1000:1  
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Primary current is measured in ___ and secondary current is measured in ___.   amperes (A); milliamperes (mA)  
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An x-ray tube requires _____ _____.   (DC) direct current (electrons flow in only one direction)  
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____ is the process of converting AC to DC.   Rectification  
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Electron flow is from ___ to ____.   cathode; anode (by rectification)  
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Diodes are currently known as ____-_____ ______.   solid state rectifiers  
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_____ semiconductors have loosely bound electrons that are relatively free to move.   N-type  
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____ semiconductors have spaces, called holes, where there are no electrons.   P-type  
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During ____ rectification, current flows through the tube during the positive part of the cycle (60 pulses/second).   half-wave  
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During _______ voltage, the current that passes through the x-ray tube exists only during the positive half of the cycle when the anode is positive and the cathode is negative.   unrectified  
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Half-wave rectified circuit contains ____ diodes and passes ____ x-ray pulses/second.   1-2; 60  
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A form of voltage rectification that rectifies the entire AC waveform is called _______.   full-wave rectification  
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Full wave contains at least ___ diodes and current is passed through the tube ____ pulses/second.   4; 120  
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During three phase power, there are six pulses per _____ s. Three phase power stays ______.   1/60; constant  
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High frequency generators result in a _____ patient dose.   decreased  
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During capacitor discharge, the voltage falls approximately ____ kV/mAs.   1  
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A falling load generator ensures the shortest possible _____ ____ and also decreases the ____ of the anode.   exposure time; temperature  
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Single phase power has ____% voltage ripple.   100  
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Three phase six pulse power produces a voltage with ___% ripple.   14 (never falls below 86% max)  
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Three phase twelve pulse power produces a voltage with a ___% ripple.   4 (never falls below 96% max)  
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High frequency generators produces a voltage with ___% ripple.   1 (never falls below 99% max)  
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Power ratings is measured in _____.   kilowatts (kW)  
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A step down transformer is also known as a _____ transformer.   filament  
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Power rating (kW) = _____ x _____   current (A); Potential (V)  
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