| Question |
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| Answer |
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| What are the two parts of the nervous system? |
central and peripheral |
| what makes up the central? |
brain, spinal cord |
| what makes up the peripheral? |
somatic and autonomic |
| somatic: |
what I can control |
| autonomic: |
what I do involuntarily such as my heart beating, digestion, breathing, etc. |
| what are the two parts of autonomic? |
sympathetic, and parasympathetic |
| sympathetic: |
when your heart is beating fast, you're using alot of energy (flight or fight) -- like this when you're stressed |
| parasympathetic: |
body returning to normal state; balanced state; homeostasis (sex, digestion, etc.) |
| in order to be as healthy as possible: |
your sympathetic and parasympathetic must be in balance |
| What does the brain do? |
basic bodily function and survival, motivation and emotion, complex activities |
| What are the 3 main parts of the brain? |
the hindbrain (brain stem), cerebellum, midbrain, and forebrain |
| what are the 3 main parts of the hindbrain? |
medulla, pons, and cerebellum |
| what is the medulla in charge of? |
vital bodily functions (breathing, swallowing, blood circulation) |
| what is the pons in charge of? |
it's the bridge from the spinal cord to the brain; through which sensory and motor info. passes; also in charge of sleep, arousal, regulation of muscle tone |
| What is the cerebellum in charge of? |
really really basic motor activities (balance, walking, throwing, grabbing) |
| What is the midbrain in charge of? |
contains primitive centers for vision and hearing |
| what are the 3 main parts of the forebrain? |
corpus callosum, cerebral cortex/cerebrum, and the subcortical structures |
| What are the three subcortical structures? |
the limbic system, thalamus, and hypothalamus |
| What does the corpus callosum do? |
it is a wide band of fibers that connect the two hemispheres |
| what is the cerbral cortex/cerebrum? |
the wrinkley part of the brain |
| limbic system: |
motivational behaviors |
| thalamus: |
relay center (decides what comes into your brain and what goes out) helps you survive |
| hypothalamus: |
pleasure center (hunger, thirst, sexual behavior) |
| what are the technical terms for the folds and wrinkles on the cerebrum? |
gyrus and fissures |
| what are the 5 parts of the cerebrum? |
frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, and ventricles |
| what does the frontal lobe do? |
motor cortex; Brocas area = produces speech |
| what does the parietal lobe do? |
somatosensory; touch, temperature, pressure |
| what does the occipital lobe do? |
vision |
| what does the temporal lobe do? |
stores hearing, memory, and personality; Wernickes Area... comprehension |
| when a person has a stroke, what is more likely to be damaged, the Brocas or the Wernickes? |
Brocas. The person will still be able to understand you, but they cannot respond |
| what are the ventricles? |
empty chambers in the brain |
| what do the ventricles do? |
hold spinal fluid |
| if you have too much spinal fluid you get |
hydrocephalus |
| What is the meninges? |
the 3 membranes covering the brain and spinal cord |
| Lateralization of Function: |
the idea that the two hemispheres of the brain are somewhat specialized |
| the research suggests that the left brain: |
is better at math, language, and speech |
| research suggests that the right brain: |
is better at creativity, sports, music, and space perception |
| Brain cells AKA |
neurons |
| Neurons are involved with: |
receiving, moving, and processing information |
| where are neurons located? |
in the brain and central and peripheral nervous system |
| dendrites: |
recieves info and transmits the info across the cell membrane of neurons |
| Action potential: |
a rapid shift in the electrical charge; the electrical charge |
| Cell body: |
nucleus |
| axon: |
the part of the neuron that conducts action potential away from the cell body |
| axon is covered by: |
a fatty material called Myelin |
| these cells surround, support, and protect neurons |
Glial cells |
| Nodes of Ranvier: |
small gaps in the myelin sheath |
| Axon terminals: |
structures at the end of axons that contain neurotransmitters |
| give two examples of neurotransmitters and what they are for: |
acetylcholine for memory; serotonin for sleep |
| synapse: |
a region where the axon of one neuron closely approaches other neurons or other cells |
