| Flap 1 | Flap 2 |
| water is a good | solvent |
| water is______&_______ | cohesive and adhesive |
| water provides_________stability | thermal |
| water had a high___________ | boiling point |
| water is a strong_________ | evaporative coolness |
| nuetral on pH scale | 7 |
| basic pH scale | 7- 14 |
| acidic pH scale | 0- 7 |
| a compound that forms h+ in solution | acids |
| a compound that forms OH- in water | bases |
| weak acids or bases that help keep the pH scale in living things near a neutral range | buffers |
| acid &base | antacids |
| types of macromolecules | lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids |
| main source of energy, energy storage, or for structure | carbohydrates |
| carb examples | sugar, or glucose |
| made of | Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| mono saccharides | single sugars |
| polysaccharides | many sugars connected together |
| glycogen | storing |
| used to store energy | lipids |
| make up the outer portion of a cell | lipids |
| lipids are made of mostly__&___atoms | carbon, hydrogen |
| one_____&3_____ _______ | glycerol, 3 fatty acids |
| store and transmit genetic info | nucleic acids |
| two kinds of nucleic acids | DNA, RNA |
| nucleic made up of 3 parts | 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base |
| control the rate of chemical reaction | proteins |
| control cell processes | proteins |
| form structures | proteins |
| examples of protein structures | bone, muscle |
| example of proteins | white blood cells, hemoglobin |
| moved substances in or out of cells | proteins |
| help fight diseases inside organisms | protein |
| the basic part of a protein is an | amino acid |
| proteins are linked together | amino acids |
| proteins are made of 4 | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen |
| only ____ amino acids in living organisms | 20 |
| ------- of protein is important | shape |
| examples of carbs | sugar, starches, |
| examples of lipids | fats, oils |
| a process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals | chemical reaction |
| some reactions occur ___________ and release________ | spontaneously, energy |
| some reactions need ____to make occur | energy |
| the energy required for a reaction to occur | activation energy |
| to remove a hydrogen from one end of a monomer and hydroxide from the next monomer. forms a bond loosing water | dehydration synthesis |
| the reverse of dehydration synthesis. insert a molecule of water | hydrolysis |
| double bonds in fatty acid | unsaturated |
| double bonds cause... | kinks, chains aren't straight |
| amino acids | same bases, different R/variable groups |
| sequence of a chain of amino acids | primary protein structure |
| occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds | alpha secondary protein helix |
| occurs when certain attractions are present between alpha helices and pleated sheets | pleated sheet tertiary protein structure |
| its a protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain | quaternary protein structure |
| protein that lowers the amount of activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur | enzyme |
| area on an enzyme where another molecule can connect | active site |
| the molecule that connects to an enzyme at the active site | substrate |
| enzymes only work at certain________ and____ ranges | temperatures, pH |
