| Question |
Answer |
| What is Transcription? |
DNA --> RNA copy |
| What is the 1st step in Transcription? |
DNA Gene Segment SEPARATES (H-bonds break) |
| What is the 2nd Step in Transcription? |
ALIGNMENT of Free RIBOSE Nucleotides along Templates strand - base pairing |
| What is the 3rd Step in Transcription? |
BONDS FORMED between Phosphate groups and Ribose Sugars = Polymerization |
| What is the 4th Step in Transcription? |
Primary RNA Transcript SEPARATES from DNA |
| What is the 5th Step in Transcription? |
RNA splicing - Introns: cut OUT; Exons: spliced TOGETHER |
| What is the 6th Step in Transcription? |
processed mRNA DIFFUSES from Nucleus --> Cytoplasm |
| What happens chemically during step 3 of Transcritpion? |
ATP used; RNA Polymerease II GLUES Nucleotides together |
| What are the 3 types of RNA and their Polymerase enzymes? |
1. mRNA: RNA Polymerase II; 2. tRNA: RNA Polymerase III; 3. rRNA: RNA Polymerase I |
| What is the benifit of DNA Dependent Polymerase Enzymes? |
NO RANDOM assembly of Nucleotides, no WASTED ATP |
| What is Translation? |
mRNA + mRNA + AA --Ribosomes--> Protein Product |
| What is the 1st step in Translation? |
mRNA DIFFUSES from Nucleus --> Cytoplasm |
| What is the 2nd step in Translation? |
ATTACHMENT to Ribosomes = (rRNA + Protein) |
| What is the 3rd step in Translation? |
tRNAs PICK UP specific AA |
| What is the 4th step in Translation? |
Exposed ANTI-Codon on tRNA forms H-bonds w/ complimentary Codon on mRNA |
| What is the 5th step in Translation? |
Peptidyl Transferase catalyze the formation of Peptide Bonds between AA --> Polypeptide --> Protein Product |
| What is the 6th step in Translation? |
tRNA FREED and REPEATS the process |
| Till what point are mRNA & rRNA no longer used? |
used until degraded by wear |
| How many different Codons are there? |
64, same as DNA triplets |
| RNA substatutes what bases? |
substitutes Thymine with Uracil |
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