| Question |
Answer |
| What influences Enzyme Action? |
anything that can change the SHAPE or ELECTRIC CHARGE of an Enzyme can alter its activity |
| What are some Modifiers of Enzyme Action? |
Heat, pH |
| How can heat modify an Enzymes Actions? |
1. Activation Energy; 2. Denature Enzyme 3-D configuration |
| How can pH modify an Enzymes Actions? |
may change Electrical Charge of an Enzyme |
| What are Cofactors? |
typically Metals NECESSARY to complete enzyme's Active Site |
| What are some examples of Cofactors? |
Mg++, Fe++, Cu++ |
| Will an enzyme work if its Cofactor is not present? |
No |
| What are Coenzymes? |
TRANSFER Atoms to/from a Substrate |
| What are Coenzymes made of? |
Organic NON-Protein molecule -or- Water Soluble Vitamins ( B=Complex, C) |
| Name 4 influences on Ezyme Action? |
1. Modifiers 2. Cofactors 3. Coenzymes 4. Inhibitors |
| What are the types of Inhibitors? |
Competitive, NON-Competitive |
| What are 3 characterisitcs of Competitive Inhibitors? |
1. Chemically RESEMBLES Substrate (similar SHAPE); 2. OCCUPIES Active Site of a SPECIFIC Enzyme; 3. usually IRREVERSIBLE |
| Why are Inhibitors produced? |
Cells produce Inhibitors - PREVENT Overproduction of certain products - Control Metabolism |
| What are 2 characteristics of NON-Competitive Inhibitors? |
1. NO Chemical Similarity to Substrate; 2. mey be Reversible or Irreversible; 3 |
| What is Feedback Inhibition? |
REVERSIBLE:NON-Competitive Inhibitor - attaches to Regulatory Site = TEMPORARILY altering Enzyme shape |
| When are NON-Competitive Inhbitors Irreversible? |
attachment to AA subgroups of the Enzyme PERMANENTLY Denaturing the Enzyme - HEAVY METALS |
| What are 2 examples of Irreversible NON-Competitive Inhibitors? |
Mercury, Lead |
| What are the 5 Classes of Enzymes? |
1. Hydrolases; 2. Sythases; 3. Dehydrogenases; 4. Phosphatases; 5. Kinases |
| What are 3 examples of Hydrolases? |
1. Pepsin 2. Amylase 3. Lipase |
| What is the function of Hydrolase Enzymes? |
breakdown substances tih the ADDITION of WATER Molecules |
| How do Hydrolases breakdown substances? |
Proteins --> Polypeptides; Carbohydrates --> Simple Sugars; Fats --> Fatty Acids + Glycerol |
| What is the function of Synthetases? |
REMOVE Water to JOIN Molecules together |
| What is the function of Dehydrogenases? |
REMOVES Electrons and H+ |
| What is the function of Phosphatases? |
REMOVES Phosphate Groups |
| What is the function of Kinases? |
ADDS Phosphate Groups |
HHS Shrek
