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| a special layer of cells at the base of a leaf's petiole that severs the leaf from the stem as the plant prepares for winter | abscission layer |
| a special petal-like leaf that flows at the base of a flower or on its stalk | bracts |
| the shell-like fruit covering of a wheat grain | bran |
| the inedible parts of cereal grains that are separated by threshing or winnowing; same as husk | chaff |
| the branch of chemistry that seeks to use substances in farm and forest products as raw materials for manufacturing other products | chemurgy |
| a temporary state of inactivity | dormancy |
| a tissue which surrounds the developing embryo of a seed and provides food for its growth | endosperm |
| the union of sex cells (sperm and egg) to form a new organism | fertilization |
| in botony, a ripened ovary and its contents, together with any other flower parts that may adhere to it | fruit |
| the sprouting or growth of a spore, seed, or bud | germination |
| a gray, sticky mixture of several proteins that is found in wheat and other cereal grains; its elastic texture allows bread to rise in the presence of yeast | gluten |
| an agricultural technician who specializes in growing flowers, fruits, vegetables and shrubs | horticuluturist |
| an organism with two different genes for a particular trait; a heterozygous organism; (2) an organism that is a crossbreed between two different species of animals or plants; hybrids within a single kind (such as wolfdogs) are usually fertile, whereas hy | hybrid |
| any arrangement of flowers in a cluster on a stem | inflorescences |
| a member of the pea family, characterized by dry fruits borne in pods, many are nitrogen-fixing | legume |
| the sweet-tasting, sugary liquid produced by plants | nectar |
| the response of an organism to variations in the intensity of light or to varying periods of light and darkness | photoperiodism |
| the central, vase-shaped structure of a flower that contains the female reproductive organs; consists of the stigma, style, and ovary | pistil |
| (1) in plants, the enlarged base of a pistil that contains the future seeds (ovules) of the flower;(2) in animals and people, the reproductive organ of the female that produces eggs (ova) and female hormones (estrogen) | ovary |
| tiny capsules that contain the male reproductive cells (sperm) of a flower | pollen |
| the transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma portion of a pistil | pollination |
| leaflike structures attached to the edge of the receptacle of a flower that enclose and protect the flower's petals | Sepals |
| any of the brightly colored leaflike structures that are the most conspicuous part of many flowers | petals |
| collective term for the petals of a flower | corolla |
| the production of offspring through the union of male (sperm) and female (egg) sex cells | sexual reproduction |
| the male reproductive part of a flower, comprising the anther and filament | stamen |
| the enlarged structure at the tip of a stamen that produces pollen | anther |
| (1) the slender, elongated stalk of a flower's stamen that supports the anther; (2) a chain of algae or other colonial cells attached end to end | filament |
| (1) the sticky tip of a flower's pistil; functunes to capture pollen during pollination; (2) a red eyespot in certain algae or protozoa | stigma |
| in botony, the stalklike part of the pistil of a flower that connects the ovary to the stigma | style |
