6

Description:	6 Review Questions B
Category:	Anatomy
Created by:	schell912 on 2007-02-02

Question	Answer
A condition that produces a reduction in bone mass sufficient to compromise normal function is	osteoporosis
A major difference between bone tissue and other connective tissues lies in	The composition of the intercellular substance of bone
the following statements concerning the periosteum of a bone is NOT true	All bone in the body is covered by periosteum
the following factors is NOT believed to affect bone growth	Increased intake of protein
During fetal development intramembranous ossification takes place in	connective tissue membranes
Elevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormone	calcitonin
Endochondral and intramembranous are terms that are used to describe	the development of bone
Endochondral ossification begins with the formation of	a cartilage model.
the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system	Hormone production
increasing the proportion of organic molecules to inorganic components in the bony matrix affect the physical characteristics of bone	The bones would be more flexible.
Long bones differ from flat bones in that long bones	have epiphyses
The bones of the skeleton store energy reserves as lipids in areas of	yellow marrow
The cells that maintain mature compact bone are	osteocytes.
The lacunae of bone contain	osteocytes
The process of bone growth at the epiphyseal plate is similar to	endochondral ossification
The two types of osseous tissue are	compact bone and spongy bone.
When cartilage is produced at the epiphyseal side of the metaphysis at the same rate as bone is deposited on the opposite side, bones	grow longer
When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone	long bones have reached their adult length
Intramembranous ossification	begins within a connective tissue membrane
A fracture in the shaft of a bone would occur in the	diaphysis.
Growth of a cartilage in which the chondrocytes within the matrix become active and proliferate is known as	interstitial growth.
Osteocytes maintain contact with the blood vessels of the central canal through	canaliculi.
Spongy bone contains all of the following except	true osteons.
The bones in the long axis of the body make up the	axial skeleton.
the following is a canal-like passageway	meatus
the following characteristics of skeletal cartilage limits its thickness	It is avascular and receives most of its nourishment from the perichondrium that surrounds it.
the following structures is made of elastic cartilage	the epiglottis
The menisci of the knee are made of	fibrocartilage.
the following statements best describes interstitial growth of cartilage	Chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix from within the cartilage.
bones act to alter the direction of tendon pull.	Sesamoid
All of the following are stored in the matrix of bones except	vitamin D.
A narrow slit-like opening in a bone is referred to as a	spine
the following structures anchors the periosteum to the underlying bone	perforating
the following is the site where bone marrow is routinely sampled in an adult	the sternum
Bone forming cells originate from	osteoprogenitor cells.
A Haversian system is the functional unit of	lamellar bone.
The twisting of a long bone is prevented by	circumferential lamella
It is currently thought that sacrificial bonds between_______ provide resilience to bone tissue.	collagen molecules
Hydroxyapatite in bone matrix that gives bone its hardness is primarily composed of	calcium and phosphates
65% of bone mass is composed of	hydroxyapatites.
In the human embryo, before eight weeks the skeleton is composed of	fibrous membrane
type of bone only has primary ossification centers	short bones
In month three of endochondral ossification, the first structure to be formed is a collection of elements known as the ____________ that invades the bone cavities present at this time.	periosteal bud
Every week we recycle _____ of our bone mass.	5%
the following statements about osteoclasts is incorrect	Osteoclasts only reabsorb old bone matrix.
the following hormones' primary function is to regulate bone density	leptin
If a breastfeeding mother becomes vitamin D deficient, what is the most likely disease to develop in the nursing infant?\\	ricket
the following fractures would be the most likely not to heal	a comminuted fracture
alendronate help treat osteoporosis	It suppresses osteoclast activity.
All bones of the skeleton below the base of the skull are developed by endochondral ossification except the	clavicle
A condition that produces a reduction in bone mass sufficient to compromise normal function is osteomyelitis.	False
Collagen in the bone matrix provides flexible strength	True
Endochondral ossification begins with the formation of a calcified model.	False
Excess growth hormone prior to puberty would result in gigantism.	True
Mature bone cells are called chondrocytes	False
Parathyroid hormone stimulates osteoblast activity.	False
Scapulae are formed by intramembranous ossification	False
Secondary ossification centers occur in the center of the diaphysis.	False
The central canal of an osteon contains osteocytes.	False
The hormone calcitonin functions to decrease the calcium ion in the blood.	True
The most abundant mineral in the human body is calcium.	True
The presence of an epiphyseal line indicates that long bone growth is still in process.	False
The shaft of the long bone is called the diaphysis.	True
The type of bone that is adapted to withstand stresses that arrive from a limited range of directions is compact bone.	True
Vitamin D is necessary for the formation of the organic framework of bone.	False
Osseous tissue is avascular.	False
Appositional growth in a skeletal cartilage will increase its overall length.	False
A metacarpal is an example of a long bone	True
An increase in parathyroid hormone can cause bones to become porous and brittle.	True
Increasing the percentage of collagen in a bone would make it become more rigid.	False