| Flap 1 |
Flap 2 |
| centromere |
Two chromatids are attached using this. |
| chromatid |
Each half of the chromosome is called this. |
| histones |
Proteins that DNA coils around. |
| chromatin |
The less tightly coiled DNA-protein complex that appears when DNA is preparing to replicate. |
| chromosomes |
Rod-shaped structures made of DNA and proteins. |
| sex chromosomes |
These can be either X or Y in many organisms. |
| autosomes |
In the human, 44 of the 46 are these. |
| homologous chromosomes |
Two copies of each autosome are said to be this. They are the same size, shape, and carry the same genes. |
| karyotype |
A photomicrograph of the chromosomes in a normal dividing cell. |
| diploid |
Cells having two sets of chromosomes. |
| haploid |
Sperm and egg cells are said to be this since they only have one chromosome of each homologous pair and only one sex chromosome. |
