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Dysarthria
Stack #56942
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Dysarthria | Speech disorder resulting from paralysis, weakness, or incoordination of the speech musculature that is of neurologic origin |
Encompasses motor distrubance of | respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation, prosody |
Can be a disorder of | pryamidal system, extrapyramidal, cerebellar system |
Pyramidal damage | prognosis is good (CVA) |
Upper Motor Neuron Lesion | Corticobulbar tract spatic |
Lower Motor Neuron Lesion | Medulla or Pons, Cranial nerves flaccid |
UMN dysarthria | mild or transitory symptoms, damage usually unilateral |
UMN Articulation | imprecise |
UMN Prosody | slowed rate |
UMN Resonation | Harshness, reduced loudness and hypernasality |
Spastic Dysarthria voice | harsh strangle strained, lower pitch, monotone |
Spastic Dysarthria respiration | breathiness |
Spastic Dysarthria atriculation | imprecise consonants and vowel distortion |
Spastic Dysarthria resonation | hypernasality velum doesn't elevate |
Spastic Dysarthria prosody | Excess equal stress |
Emotional labiality | tendency to cry or laugh at the slightes provocation although they do not feel all that sad or happy (spastic dysarthria) |
Lower Motor Neuron Dysarthria | Flaccid |
Flaccid Dysarthria voice | monotone |
Flaccid Dysarthria respiration | nasal emissions, audible inspirations (strider) |
Flaccid Dysarthria articulations | imprecise consonants especially plosives |
Flaccid Dysarthria resonation | breathiness or harsh and loud, hypernasality |
Flaccid Dysarthria other | diminished reflexes, fasciculations, atrophy |
Disorders of the extrapyramidal system | basal ganglia dysarthria |
basal ganglia dysarthria | hypokinetic, hyperkinetic |
hypokinetic dysarthria voice | soft phonation, drops off at the end, can't hardly hear |
hypokinetic dysarthria articulation | decreased range of movements, thus articulatory impresision "articulatroy undershoot" |
hypokinetic dysarthria prosody | variable rate--rapid, indistict, normal, inappropriate pauses. Short utterances |
hyperkinetic dysarthria articulation | involuntary movements break the force, timing or amplitude of speech movements (uneven, jerky artic) |
hyperkinetic dysarthria voice | intensity and pitch fluctuations. (jerks) |
hyperkinetic dysarthria prosody | abnormal silent intervals |
hyperkinetic dysarthria voice | hoarse-strangled voice quality |
hyperkinetic dysarthria Atriculation | prolonged phonemes |
hyperkinetic dysarthria prosody | variable |
Ataxic Dysarthria articulation | inconsistent consonant misarticulations |
Ataxic Dysarthria articulation | coarse-loudness variations (inconsistent) |
Ataxic Dysarthria resonance | normal or may fluctuate from nasal to non-nasal |