| Question |
Answer |
| Dysarthria |
Speech disorder resulting from paralysis, weakness, or incoordination of the speech musculature that is of neurologic origin |
| Encompasses motor distrubance of |
respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation, prosody |
| Can be a disorder of |
pryamidal system, extrapyramidal, cerebellar system |
| Pyramidal damage |
prognosis is good (CVA) |
| Upper Motor Neuron Lesion |
Corticobulbar tract spatic |
| Lower Motor Neuron Lesion |
Medulla or Pons, Cranial nerves flaccid |
| UMN dysarthria |
mild or transitory symptoms, damage usually unilateral |
| UMN Articulation |
imprecise |
| UMN Prosody |
slowed rate |
| UMN Resonation |
Harshness, reduced loudness and hypernasality |
| Spastic Dysarthria voice |
harsh strangle strained, lower pitch, monotone |
| Spastic Dysarthria respiration |
breathiness |
| Spastic Dysarthria atriculation |
imprecise consonants and vowel distortion |
| Spastic Dysarthria resonation |
hypernasality velum doesn't elevate |
| Spastic Dysarthria prosody |
Excess equal stress |
| Emotional labiality |
tendency to cry or laugh at the slightes provocation although they do not feel all that sad or happy (spastic dysarthria) |
| Lower Motor Neuron Dysarthria |
Flaccid |
| Flaccid Dysarthria voice |
monotone |
| Flaccid Dysarthria respiration |
nasal emissions, audible inspirations (strider) |
| Flaccid Dysarthria articulations |
imprecise consonants especially plosives |
| Flaccid Dysarthria resonation |
breathiness or harsh and loud, hypernasality |
| Flaccid Dysarthria other |
diminished reflexes, fasciculations, atrophy |
| Disorders of the extrapyramidal system |
basal ganglia dysarthria |
| basal ganglia dysarthria |
hypokinetic, hyperkinetic |
| hypokinetic dysarthria voice |
soft phonation, drops off at the end, can't hardly hear |
| hypokinetic dysarthria articulation |
decreased range of movements, thus articulatory impresision "articulatroy undershoot" |
| hypokinetic dysarthria prosody |
variable rate--rapid, indistict, normal, inappropriate pauses. Short utterances |
| hyperkinetic dysarthria articulation |
involuntary movements break the force, timing or amplitude of speech movements (uneven, jerky artic) |
| hyperkinetic dysarthria voice |
intensity and pitch fluctuations. (jerks) |
| hyperkinetic dysarthria prosody |
abnormal silent intervals |
| hyperkinetic dysarthria voice |
hoarse-strangled voice quality |
| hyperkinetic dysarthria Atriculation |
prolonged phonemes |
| hyperkinetic dysarthria prosody |
variable |
| Ataxic Dysarthria articulation |
inconsistent consonant misarticulations |
| Ataxic Dysarthria articulation |
coarse-loudness variations (inconsistent) |
| Ataxic Dysarthria resonance |
normal or may fluctuate from nasal to non-nasal |
Biology Lab Midterm
