| Flap 1 | Flap 2 |
| UV Action | Photochemical |
| UV Physioeffect | Erythema;Tanning (phototaxia); Metabolic (Vit. D) |
| UV Indicators | Acne; fungal; Herp Zoster; Skin Ulcer; slow healing wounds |
| UV Penetration | 1-2mm Superficial |
| UV Dose | At MED w/time then +15sec daily till 3 min then reduce distance to min of 18" MAX 3 min @ 18" |
| UV Types | Cold Quartz (m/c) Neon and Hg; Orificial (goggles both)(no tanning effect); Wood's lamp -- UV filtered by Ni Oxide glass for flourescence "never take wood nickel" |
| UV Test | Erythema Patch test AKA sleeve test |
| UV Freq/Wave | High; short/near 180-270, long/far 270-390 |
| IR Action | Thermal |
| IR Physio Effect | Vascular system greatest effect; INCR vasodilation, perspiration, circulation HR, BR, lymph flow; DECR Myospasm, BP |
| IR Indicator | Arthritis; rheumatoid condition; stiff jts, chronic BA; contusion; Bell's, Beurgers, Raynauds; myospasm; subacute/chronic inflamm cond's MSK: synovitis, tenosynovitis, sprain, strain, bursitis |
| IR Penetration | Superficial (vascular) 2types Long-heated bodies Short-Incandescent |
| IR Types | Hydrocolator pack 150 to 170 F w/6 towel layers; |
| IR Dose | 18-20min |
| IR Tests | Erythema Ab Igne - red blotchy/mottled splotchy d/t continual exp to heat radiation |
| Heat Therapy bath - Indicators | Arthritis, chilblains, contusions, fx's, peripheral vascular dz |
| Heat Therapy bath - Type | Parafin - mineral oil to lower melt pt and for ease remove; Hot bath 98-105F |
| UV 0 degree Erythema | SED no red |
| UV 1 degree Erythema | MED |
| UV 2 degree Erythema | 1st deg sunburn - peeling redness |
| UV 3 degree Erythema | 2nd degree w/ blistering |
| UV 4 degree Erythema | 3rd degree Sunburn w/ swelling Severe |
| UV Cosine Law | optimum effect of ratiation occurs when the part to be treated is at right angles to the source AKA Angulation of the rays |
| UV Inverse square law | Intensity of radiation from source varies inversely wth the square of the distance from the source |
| Shortwave Diathermy Action | Thermal |
| Microwave Diathermy action | Thermal |
| Diathermy Physio effects | INCR temp, HR, BMR, Lymph flow, elimination, vasodilation, glandular secretions DECR BP, nerve pn, myocramps, myospasm |
| SW Diathermy Indicators | Arthritis, sprain, Draining Bronchitis/Sinusitis(w/ butterfly electrodes)/PID |
| MW Diathermy Indicators | MYO Hip, strain, Myalgia, Myositis |
| MW Diathermy Dose | WEAR GOGGLES; from inside out; Distance 1" to 5" for 10-20 min |
| SW Diathermy Dose | Direct application for 20 to 30 minutes; from outside in |
| US Action | Mechanical - micromassage (thermal,chemical,neural) |
| US Physiological effects | MECHANICAL- disperse fluid, INCR molecular and membrane permeability THERMAL- hyperemia, INCR leuko, alkylosis, glandular activity, DECR myospasm; Deep heating; CHEMICAL - INCR gas exchange, oxidation to speed healing; NEURAL - mild anesthesia |
| US Contras to include | Spinal cord, plexuses, over skeletal immaturity, over bony prominence (UNLESS under water - e.g. hand, wrist, elbow, foot, ankle), Fractures |
| US penetration | 4-8cm deepest heat modality |
| US Freq | HIGH 0.7-1.1 MHz deep 3MHz more superficial |
| US Dose | Intensity setting w/coupling ACUTE 0.5-1.5watts/sq cm for +/- 4min; Subacute +/- 6 min CHRONIC 1.0 to 2.0 watts/sq.cm for MAX of 10min; Under Water ACUTE 1.0-2.0 watts/sq.cm CHRONIC 1.5-2.5 watts/sq cm |
| US Therapeutic range | 0.5 to 2.5 watts/sq.cm |
| US extras | pseudo piezoelectric effect - electric to mechanical; phonophoresis - into skin from coupling agent |
| SW Diathermy addl contraind's | metallic implants, epiphyseal center, moist dressings, phlebitis, varicosities, advanced osteoporosis, edema, brain |
| MW Diathermy add'l contra's | sinusitis and otitis media |
| Cryotherapy Action | Hypothermal |
| Cryotherapy Physio effects | Vasoconstrict, (followed by vasodilation = Hunting-Lewis rxn), DECR edema, cap press, metab; nerve anesthesia, blood flow; INCR BP, local viscosity, |
| Cryotherapy Indicators | Acute - P R I C E S 2 ; Sprains/strains, contusions or edema, acute "itis's" |
| Cryotherapy types/dose | Ice pack and blue ice/1 towel layer 20 min; Ice immersion/10-15 min; Ice massage/5 min with constant movement; Fluoromethane coolant spray (spray from TP to referred pn) |
| Cryotherapy tests | CBAN |
