| Question |
Answer |
| Kidneys located |
T2-L3; higher on left |
| hilum |
L1 |
| anterior to posterior |
renal v., renal a., renal pelvis |
| kidney surrounded by |
fat & fascia for protection |
| from surface outward |
renal capsule, perirenal fat, renal fascia, pararenal fat |
| kidney functions |
detoxification, regulation of water volume & blood pressure (angiotensin) |
| internal structure made up of |
cortex & medulla & duct system for drainage |
| Medulla formed by |
triangular structures: pyramids |
| Cortex extends btwn. pyramids called |
renal columns |
| Tip of ea. pyramid - papilla - urine is released |
minor calix |
| several minor calyses drain into |
major calix |
| 3 major calyses form |
renal pelvis |
| Lesser splanchnic n synapse in |
aorticorenal ganglis & join reanl plexus on renal a. |
| least splanchnic n. goes directly to |
renal a. & synapse with diffuse ganglion cells |
| Additional contribution from |
L1 & L2 |
| Kidneys receive no extrinsic parasympathetic innervation but contain |
modified epithelial cells which produce acetylcholine |
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