| Question |
Answer |
| Staff Functions |
Provide Services to other governmental entities |
| Line Functions |
Provide services directly to the public (i.e. subdivision reviews, rezoning cases, code enforcement) |
| GAM stands for: |
Goals Acheivement Matrix |
| GAM |
Chart that shows the anticipated attainment of a project's goals and the assignment of accomplishing a goal to a group |
| Gantt Chart |
Focuses on a sequence of tasks necessary for project completion. Each task is represented as a horizontal bar on an XY chart. X is time. |
| Linear Programming |
project management method that attempts to find the optimum design solution for a project. This system takes a set of decision variables within constraints and comes up with an optimum design solution |
| PERT stands for: |
Program Evaluationand Review Techinique |
| PERT |
Scheduling method that graphically illustrates the interrelationship of the project tasks. Identify milestones, determine sequence, network diagram, critical path, update PERT chart as project progresses |
| CPM stands for: |
Critical Path Method |
| CPM |
tool to analyze a project. The analysis results in a "critical path" through the project tasks. each task has a know amount of time to complete and cannot be completed before its previous one is completed. The longest pathway is the critical pathway. |
| PERT and CPM work when? |
A project is of a large scale. Using software. |
| Strategic Planning |
used to assist in guiding the future. Sets goals, objectives, and policies for reaching objectives. |
| Strategic Plan should address major questions: |
1. What is the current situation and how is it going to change? 2. Where are we going as an org? 3. How will we get there? |
| Eight elements of a Strategic Plan |
1Analyze the community's needs 2Identify results-det the long-term objectives that will be pursued 3Admit uncertainties-SWOT analysis relating to the objectives 4Inv stakeholders 5.Dev & eval alt's 6ID role of City 7Dev funding policy 8Eval performance |
| Strategic Planning is ________ -term in focus and is specific in accomplishing certain________________ |
short, objectives |
| An operating budget includes: |
the everyday expenditures of an organization, such as supplies, personnel, and maintenance of office space |
| A capital budget includes: |
long-term purchases, such as a new building, a rec center, water main, or majore equipment. |
| Capital Budget is for the period of |
one year |
| Capital Improvements Program is for the period of |
Five to ten years |
| CIP includes |
project descriptions, estimated costs, construction timeline, and sources of funding |
| Budgeting can be used for (name 5) |
resource allocation, financial control management control, a communication tool, a planning tool |
| Line-item Budgeting |
the emphasis is on projecting the budget for the next year and adding in inflationary costs |
| Advantages of Line Item Budgeting |
Does not require eval of existing services, is easy to prepare and justify, and is easy for public officials to understand |
| Disadvantages of Line Item Budgeting |
lack of flexibility, lack between budget request and objectives of the organization |
| Line-Item Budget looks at ________ year(s) and is not linked to: |
ONE, strategic, comprehensive, or capital improvement plans. |
| PPBS stands for: |
Planning, Programming, Budgeting Systems |
| PPBS is focused on planning through |
accomplishing goals set by the department |
| Advantage of PPBS |
it helps deparments place programs in perspective and evaluate efforts and accomplishments |
| Disadvantages of PPBS |
Time consuming, requires goals and objectives to be stated in measurable terms |
| PPBS includes: |
Program mission statements, objectives, and indicators of success. |
| ZBB stands for: |
Zero Based Budgeting |
| ZBB |
Emphasizes Planning and fosters understanding within all units of the organization |
| Performance Based Budgeting is focused on |
linking funding to performance measures. |
| Pay-as-you-go Financing |
uses current funds to pay for capital improvement projects |
| Reserve Funds |
are ones that have been saved for the purchase of future capital improvements |
| General Obligation Bonds |
are voter approved bonds for capital improvements. GO Bonds use the tax revenue of the gov. to pay back the debt |
| Revenue Bonds |
use a fixe source of revenue to pay back debt. i.e. water use fees could be used to pay back revenue bonds for a water main |
| TIF stands for |
Tax Increment Financing |
| TIF allows a designated area to |
have tax revenue increases used for capital improvements in the area |
| Special Assessments |
allow a particular group of people to be assesssed the cost of a public improvement. |
| Lease-purchase allows a governement to |
"rent to own" |
| GRANTS are available to government by |
all levels of government, the private sector and foundations |
| Taxes are used to generate revenue to: |
finance government and redistribute income |
| Three types of taxes: |
Progressive, proportional, and regressive |
| Progressive Taxes |
The tax rate increases as income rises |
| Proportional Tax |
The tax rate is the same regardless of income |
| Regressive Tax |
The tax rate decreases as income rises |
| Criteria used for the implementation of a tax: |
fairness, certainty, convenience, efficiency, productivity, and neutrality |
| Tax-Write off |
when governments offer tax inventives in order to attract economic development |
| Design Charette |
intensive collaborative effort that brings together citizens, stakeholders, and staff to develop a detailed design plan for a certain area |
| Delphi Method |
structured process of citizen participation with the intent of coming to a consensus |
| Facilitation |
uses a person who does not have a direct stake in the outcome of a meeting to help groups that disagree work together to solve complex problems and come to a consesus decision. |
| Mediation |
is a method where a neutral third party facilitates discussion in a structured multi-stage process to help parties reach a satisfactory agreement. |
| Public Hearing |
A meeting before a public body allowing for formal citizen input. Public hearings are typically mandated by law. |
| Visual Preference Survey |
a technique that can be used to assist citizens in evaluating physical images of natural and built environments. |
| Visioning |
a process whereby citizens attend a series of meetings that provide the opportunity to offer input on how the community could be in the future. Visioning is typicall a 20 to 30 year outlook |
| problem definition steps |
1define problem 2specify boundaries 3develop fact base 4list goals & objectives 5identify range of solutions 6define potential costs & benefits 7review the problem statement |
Buen Viaje lv.2 ch 8
