| Question |
Answer |
| Where does the energy come from? |
Almost all of the energy comes from the sun. |
| Autotroph |
An organism that produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances or from the environment (ex. sunlight) instead of consuming other organisms. |
| Photosynthesis |
The process by which plants, algae, and some other bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen. |
| Heterotroph |
an organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that cannot synthesize organic compounds from inorganic materials |
| Biochemical Pathway |
a series of chemical reactions that convert one biological material into another (the product of one reaction is consumed in the next reaction) |
| Cellular respiration |
Oxygen and some of the organic compounds produced by photosynthesis are used by cells in a process calles cellular respiration. |
| Photosynthesis can be devided into how many stages? Name them. |
2 stages: Light reactions & Calvin Cycle |
| Light Reactions |
Light energy (absorbed from the sun) is converted to chemical energy, which is temporarily stored in ATP and the energy carrier molecule NADPH |
| Calvin Cycle |
Organic compounds are formed using CO2 and the chemiacl energy stored in ATP and NADPH |
| Give the equation that summarizes the process of photosynthesis. |
6CO2+6H2O(light energy)=C6H12O6+6O2 |
| The light reactions begin with the absorbtion of light in |
chloroplasts |
| Chloroplast has .... membranes? |
2 |
| thylakoids |
a membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis |
| grana |
stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast |
| visible spectrum |
the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that includes all of the wavelengths that are visible to the human eye |
| pigment |
compound that absorbs light |
| chlorophyll |
a green pigment that is present in most plant cells, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that reacts with sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to form carbohydrates |
| The 2 most common types of chlorophyll are |
chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b |
| Chlorophyl a absorbs less .... light and more .... light than chlorophyl b. |
less blue light and more red light |
| whch of the chlorophylls are directly involved in light reactions of photosynthesis? |
Chlorophyll a |
| Carotenoid |
a class of pigments that are present mostly in plants and that aid in photosynthesis |
| stroma |
in plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast |
Biology Lab Midterm
