| Question |
Answer |
| energy |
The ability to do work. |
| potential energy |
Stored energy due to its position. |
| kinetic energy |
Energy caused by motion. |
| mechanical energy |
The ability to get something moving. |
| motion |
Change of an object's position. |
| reference point |
A fixed, unmoving object needed to determine whether another object has changed position. |
| distance |
The amount of space traveled from where an object starts to where it is at any given moment. |
| speed |
The rate at which an object travels; determined by dividing the distance by the amount of time the object takes to travel that distance. |
| instantaneous speed |
The speed of an object at any one particular moment. |
| velocity |
The distance an object moves over a given amount of time in a certain direction. |
| acceleration |
The change in velocity during a period of time. |
| force |
A push or pull. |
| friction |
A force that keeps objects from moving. |
| momentum |
The mass and velocity (speed and direction) of an object. |
| first law of motion |
An object tends to stay at the same velocity; an object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object at motion tends to stay in motion unless acted on by some outside force. |
| inertia |
The resistance to a change in motion. |
| gravity |
The pull of one object on another. |
| second law of motion |
The acceleration of an object is related to the objects mass and the amount of force being exerted on the object; can be written as mass x acceleration = force. |
| third law of motion |
All forces come in pairs; when an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts and equal force back on the first object; also called the law of action and reaction. |
| work |
A force acting on something and moving it a distance. |
| newton |
The unit used to measure force (weight). |
| joule |
The unit used to measure work; equal to one newton meter of work. |
| machine |
An object that makes work easier. |
| effort force |
The force applied to a simple machine. |
| resistance force |
The force that works against the effort force. |
| lever |
A simple machine consisting of any bar that turns on a fulcrum. |
| fulcrum |
The fixed point on which a lever turns. |
| first-class lever |
A type of lever that has the fulcrum between the effort and resistance. |
| second-class lever |
A type of lever that has the resistance between the effort and fulcrum. |
| third-class lever |
A type of lever that has the effort between the resistance and the fulcrum. |
| pulley |
Simple machine consisting of a wheel with a chain or rope wrapped in the groove of the wheel. |
| fixed pulley |
A type of pulley that is attached to something so that the pulley does not move; it changes the direction of a force. |
| moveable pulley |
A type of pulley that moves along a rope where the effort is above the pulley. |
| block and tackle |
An arrangement of fixed and movable pulleys connected by ropes. |
| mechanical advantage |
The decrease in effort needed to move an object. |
| wheel and axle |
A simple machine consisting of a wheel and a rod running through the axle. |
| inclined plane |
A simple machine consisting of a flat, slanted surface, such as a ramp. |
| wedge |
A simple machine consisting of two inclined planes back-to-back. |
| screw |
A simple machine consisting of an inclined plane that is wound around a cylinder or cone. |
| threads |
Ridges in a screw. |
| compound machine |
A machine that combines two or more simple machines. |
CADD 2 Honors
