| Question |
Answer |
| Scientific name for domestic horse |
Equus caballus |
| how many chromosomes does a horse have? |
64 |
| gestation length for horse |
11 months |
| length of estrus in the horse |
5-7 days |
| scientific name for the domestic donkey |
Equus asinus |
| how many chromosomes does a domestic donkey have? |
62 |
| gestation length for domestic donkey |
12 months |
| lenth of estrus in a donkey |
6-9 days |
| what are the general types of horses? |
light, draft, ponies, asses, mules, hinnies, wild equid |
| female donkey |
jenny/jennet |
| intact male donkey |
jack |
| castrated male donkey |
gelding/cut jack |
| female mule |
mare mule/molly |
| male mule |
horse mule/john |
| female hinny |
mare hinny |
| male hinny |
horse hinny/john |
| base wide |
legs stand wider at the ground than at the top of the leg |
| base narrow |
legs stand closer at the ground than at the top of the leg |
| offset knees |
knees are set to the inside of the cannon bone |
| bench knees |
knees are set to the outside of the cannon bone |
| toed out |
toes turn out away from each other |
| toed in |
toes turn in toward each other. also referred to as "pigeon toed" |
| sickle-hocked |
excessive angle in the hock joint |
| post legged |
too straight of an angle in the stifle and hock joint |
| Blemish |
affects the beauty of the horse, not its serviceability, generally a superficial wound or scar |
| unsoundness |
affects the serviceability of the equine often caused by a stress, strain, concussion, or direct result of an injury |
| walk |
four beat gait in which each of the four feet strikes the ground independently |
| trot/jog |
a diagonal two-beat gait, in which the right front and left rear hoof hit the ground in unison, and the left front and right rear hit the ground in inison |
| pace |
a lateral two-beat gait. the horse will sway from side to side |
| gallop |
fastest gait with four beats |
| rack |
a snappy four-beat gait in which the joints of the legs are highly flexed. this is an artificial gait. also called the singlefoot |
| canter |
a 3-beat gait in which two diagonal legs hit simultaneously with the other hind leg |
| bog spavin |
soft swelling on the inner, anterior side of the hock |
| capped hock |
thickening of the skin at the point of the hock |
| capped elbow |
soft swelling on the elbow, often caused by laying down and getting up if the horse has a long heel on the front |
| side bone |
abnormality that occurs on the lateral cartilage in the hoof ossifies and can cause lameness if not properly cared for |
| rope burn |
scarring caused by burning of a rope on the pastern |
| sweeney |
atrophied muscles at any location often seen in the shoulder due to an injury |
| thoroughpin |
soft enlargement of the tendon sheath of the large tendon of the hock and flechy portion of the hind leg |
| windgalls/windpuffs |
occur when the joint capsules on tendon sheaths around the pastern or fetlock are enlarged, often seen in hardworking horses |
| bone spavin |
bony enlargement on the inner side of the hock |
| curb |
hard swelling above the cannon bone caused by the plantar ligament becoming inflamed and swollen |
| laminitis |
inflamation of the laminae of the hoof causeing severe pain and lameness |
| navicular |
manifested pain in the heels of the front hooves, caused by a variety of issues including genetics, and poor hoof conformation. |
| quittor |
deep sore that drains the cornet, results in severe lameness |
| ring bone |
cartilage around the pastern bone ossifies, and a hard bony enlargment encircles the areas of the pastern joint and coronet |
| stifled |
patella becomes displaced |
| trends in equine development |
reduction in number of toes, increse in teeth size, lenghening of face, increase in body size |
| overall uses of equine |
food, draft, pleasure |
| food uses of equine |
meat, milk |
| draft purposes of equine |
transportation, harvest |
| pleasure uses of equine |
showing, racing, recreation |
| what are the major horse states |
texas, california, florida, oklahoma, kentucky |
Biology Lab Midterm
