| Question |
Answer |
| the process by which cells increase in number |
cell division |
| stage of growth in the cell cycle, also the stage at which DNA and organelles duplicate |
interphase |
| series of major events in a cells life - growth, division, growth, division... |
cell cycle |
| the process of dividing the nucleus of a cell into two genetically identical nuclei |
mitosis |
| splitiing of one cell into two (division of the rest of the cell besides the nucleus) |
cytokinesis |
| stage of mitosis in which chromosomes form, nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle starts to form |
prophase |
| stage of mitosis in which chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, which spindle attached from centromeres to centrioles |
metaphase |
| stage of mitosis in which duplicated chromosomes split at the centromeres and spindle shortens, pulling them to opposites sides of the cell |
anaphase |
| stage of mitosis in which chromosomes uncoil, nuclear envelopes reform, and spindle breaks down |
telophase |
| A densely packed rod or X shaped body composed of DNA that can be seen in a nucleus during mitosis |
chromosome |
| What four stages make up mitosis? |
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| The central portion of an X-shaped chromosomes; holds the duplicated chromosomes together |
centromere |
| Loosely packed mass of DNA in the nucleus of a cell (not in chromosomal form) |
chromatin |
| A set of chromosomes of the same type, one from mom and one from dad |
*chromosome pair |
| hereditary material making up chromosomes; a long twisted molecule |
DNA |
| pair of tubular structures that anchor the spindle in animal cells during mitosis |
centrioles |
| protein tubes that assist movement of chromosomes during mitosis |
spindle fibers |
| What are the two main phases in cell division? |
cytokinesis and mitosis |
| A structures that forms during cytokinesis in plant cells to divide the cell in two; the cell wall forms from it |
cell plate |
| membrane that surrounds the nucleus |
nuclear envelope |
| to double |
duplicate |
| the name for one "half" of a duplicated chromosome |
*chromatid |
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