| Question |
Answer |
| hand regard |
2 mo |
| head control |
4-5 mo |
| rolling |
4-6 mo |
| voluntary grasp |
6 mo |
| segmental rotation |
6-8 mo |
| sitting |
8 mo |
| creeping |
9 mo |
| crawling |
8-9 mo |
| cruising |
10 mo |
| walking |
12-18 mo |
| symmetrical tonic labyrinthine |
birth - 6 mo |
| positive support (wt on balls of feet = LE & trunk extension) |
35 wk gest - 2 mo |
| plantar grasp (toes) |
28 wk gest - 9 mo |
| flexor withdrawal |
28 wk est - 2 mo |
| crossed extension |
28 wk gest - 2 mo |
| traction (pull to sit) |
28 wk gest - 5 mo |
| plantar grasp (fingers) |
birth - 4 mo |
| ATNR (asymmetrical tonic neck) NOB/BOB, rotation of cranium = UE ext on face side, UE flexion scalp side "ARCHER" |
birth - 6 mo |
| STNR (symmetrical tonic neck reflex), flexion of head = UE flexion & LE extension, extension of head = UE extension & LE flexion |
4-12 mo |
| Galant Reflex, stimulus on skin along skin along spine shoulder top hip = lateral flexion to that side |
30 wks gest - 2 mo |
| rooting reflex |
28 wk - 3 mo |
| moro reflex, drop trunk/head into extension = abd & open hands |
28 wks gest - 5 mon |
| walking (stepping) reflex, support trunk into slight flexion = flex & ext of LE |
38 wks gest - 2 mo |
| RRR |
register, recall, remote |
| exteroceptive is what type of sensory testing? |
external stimulus |
| proprioceptive is what type of sensory testing? |
internal, analytical |
| combined cortical is what type of sensory testing? |
input requiring more specific analysis |
| motor development 2-5 yo |
postural control, self feeding, complex thought, ambulation |
| motor development 5-10 yo |
inc mm growth w/inc wt, refinement of skills - hop, run, kick, dribble. dominance defined - left vs right, beginning of specifity, social component - participate in organized sports |
| motor development 11-19 yo |
adolescence, inc skill ability, strong social component, fastest, strongest, most accurate at this point |
| age 20-39 |
adulthood, peak of strength, fibers and size will begin to decrease after 39. Exercise most easily modifiable behavior affecting wellness, |
| middle adulthood 40-64 |
dec in strength, sometimes undetectable, 2nd'ary to dec in activity, 30-505 decline by age 80 |
| late adulthood, 65+ |
changes in skills/pathology = chgs in lie, despite exercise may slow and coordination decrease, inc in fall risk, 65+ 30% may fall once per year |
| prenatal |
0-40 wks gestation. movement in utero, competent @ birth, skills disappear secondary to new environment/forces |
| infancy |
birth-24 mo, rapid motor development, milestones, move out of physiologic flexion |
| early childhood |
2-5, inc postural control=inc independent & communicate "I DO, I DO!!", utensil use, color, build, open doors & jars, complex thot (share/take turns), ambul (wide BOS, min UE & trunk reciprocal, quickr, stairs, kick, throw, tandem,hop, catch, ex/self imag |
| childhood |
5-10. inc mm growth & wt, hopping, run, kick, dribble, refinement of existing skills, dominance refines write/draw, specifity, social component, organized sports |
| adolescence |
11-19, plateau begins in motor develop (athletes) 12 yo ~90% mobility, strong social compo, run, jump, throw, speed, stg, accuracy, inc fine dexterity for crafts,music ("I used to...") |
| adulthood |
20-39, exercise -"mostly easily modifiable behavior....affecting health & wellness", 30 yo peak of stg, fibers & size will begin to dec post |
| middle adulthood |
40+, loss of strength is sometimes undetectible secondary to dec activity, 30-50% by age 80 |
| late adulthood |
65 +, chng in skills/pathology=chg in life, despite ex, skills slow & coord may dec, inc fall risk, 30% 65+ experience at least 1 fall/yr |
| musculoskeletal physiological changes fetal wks 5-8, |
rapid development, most intact before birth |
| mm phys chgs 5 mo - 3 yo |
mm development 2x greater than bone, mm grows in girth, length, number of fibers (mostly type II) |
| males rapid growth when? |
birth - 2yo, 10-16 yo (14x to 16 yo) |
| females slow gradual inc.....when |
3.5-10 yo (10x to 16 yo) |
| how does mm flexibility change? |
ability to bend inc w/play in pediatric population, decrease activity = dec in flex, despite loss, can be modified |
| primary ossification |
bone grown prior to birth |
| appositional growth |
bone growth on the surface t/o life |
| does density & growth continue? |
yes, until age 30, eventually resorption > than growth, thus dec density, women > men |
| cardiopulmonary physiological changes (deliver nutrients and remove waste) |
heart complete by fetal wk 8, full system functional post birth, heart inc 4x size by age 5, capacity inc w/play t/o childhood, become advocates! NUTRITION & EXERCISE!! |
| decrease in activity means....... |
decrease in elasticity |
| lungs complete when? |
later in fetal development |
| as lung size increases,,,,,,,,,, |
with activity so will efficiency = dec RR |
| decreased activity will..... |
lead to dec capacity/elasticity |
| why consider patient's cardiopulmonary? |
endurance! |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
