| Question |
Answer |
| Extra Heart Sounds (systolic) |
Heard btw S1 & S2Ejection: aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, HTNClicks: MVP |
| Extra Heart Sounds (diastolic) |
opening snap of mitral stenosis; physiologic or pathologic S3; or S4 |
| pathologic S3 |
caused by Myocardial failure, tricuspid or mitral regurgitation |
| S4/atrial gallop |
caused by HTN, CAD, AS, cardiomyopathy, delayed AV conduction |
| Pericardial friction rub |
scraping sound 3rd space LSB = inflammation of pericardial sac |
| Venous Hum |
benign humming sound above clavicles = turbulence in the jugulars |
| Palpation (cardiovascular exam) |
Apex; Left Sternal Border; Base; Apical Impulse; Thrill, Lift, Heave; Carotid artery |
| Common auscultation sites for bruits |
Temporal; Subclavian; Carotid; Abdominal aorta; Renal/iliac/femoral |
| Acute occlusion (S/S) |
paresthesia (occasionally paralysis) |
| Edema is associated with: |
deep vein obstruction or valvular incompetence |
| Redness, thickening, & tenderness along a superficial vein suggests ____ |
thrombophlebitis |
| Homan’s sign |
Flex the knee slightly and dorsiflex the foot. Pain in the calf is a positive test |
| swelling, pain and tenderness over a vein suggests _______; confirm with _____ |
DVT; Doppler ultrasound |
| Presenting problems for peripheral vascular |
Leg Pain/Cramps; Dizziness; Severe Headaches; Swollen Ankles |
| visual acuity in the young |
Term infants visual acuity <20/40012 months – acuity 20/50Age 4 and older – 20/30 |
| Hordeolum |
stye |
| Anisocoria |
difference in pupil sizes |
| expected response(s) in near reaction |
pupillary constriction and convergence |
| Ear development in the young |
Inner ear development in first trimesterInfants external auditory canal shorter than adultsInfants eustachian tube wider, shorter, more horizontal than adults |
Biology Lab Midterm
