| Question |
Answer |
| Great Schism |
two different popes claimed authority over Cahtolic church (Clement VII and Urban VI)not resolved till council of Constantine (1414)where they appointed new pope: Alexander V |
| sales of indulgences, nepotsm, simony |
everyday aspects of Catholic life angered Protestants, who beleived that they were not scripturally sound |
| clerical immorality and absenteeism |
protestants alienated by these conditions |
| Humanism |
rise of scholarship during Renaissance, and humanists' interest in returning to classical txts made study of and access to the Bible f great importance |
| Martin Luther |
(1483-1546) Germon theoligiandiscontented with medieval Christian teachings that God required perfect righteousness for salvation"justification by faith alone"- grace was given freely to those who beleived in Jesusposted 95 THeses |
| 95 Theses |
Martin Luter posted them on door of Castle Churchcondemned to heresy 1520protected by friends and hidden in castle, translated New Test. into German |
| Ulrich Zwingli |
(1484-1531) headed Reformation in Switzbeleifs translated into harsh discipline in Zurich was ex. of puritical Protestantism |
| Beliefs of Zwingli |
opposed sale of indulgences, petitioned for end to clerical marriage and celibacyanything that lacked literal support in Scripture was not to be beleivedquestioned: fasting, saints, pilgrimages, &othr sacraments |
| John Calvin |
(1509-1564) leader of Calvanists, believed in divine predestination or concept of "elect" and ind.'s duty to reform society according to God's planled theocracy in Geneva |
| Institutes of Christian Religion by John Calvin |
theological statement of Protestant faithbeleived in unity of church and state, and he stressed the soveriegnty of God over all creation |
| Martin Bucer |
strasbourg reformer who influenced Calvinwas forced into exile during Augsburg Interim and helped draft rel txts of English Ref |
Cardio Block2anatomy
