| Question |
Answer |
| Italian Renaissance |
(1375-1527) rebirth in Italy-Treaty of Lodi, Medici, Visconti, League of Venice- Florence, Milan, Venice are major city-states |
| Treaty of Lodi |
(1454-1455)alliance between Naples, Milan, and Florence and their rivals, Venice and the Papal States |
| Cosimo de Medici |
wealthy Florentine manipualated elections and influenced Signoria, grandfather of Lorenzo the Magnificent |
| Lorenzo the Magnificent |
totalitarian in Florence from 1478-92, grandson of Cosimo Medici |
| Piero de Medici |
allied with Naples against Milan- exiled after giving Pisa and other Florentine possesion to Charles VIII of France |
| Signoria |
local council of Florence |
| Visconti |
rules Milan 1278-1450 without constraint or competition |
| Sforza |
ruled after Visconti without constraint or competition- Ludovico il Moro |
| Ludovico il Moro |
Sforza asked for French aid against Naples- resulted in French power over Florence |
| League of Venice |
counter-alliance to protect Venice, Milan, Papal States, Maximilian I of France by Ferdinand of Aragon |
| Ferdinand and Isabella |
married as two powers of Spain- mass conversion of Spain to catholicism and powerhouse that secured boarders |
| Humanism |
study of ideals expressed in Latin and Greek classics and works of antiquity- innovative educators who believed in well-rounded education- study included rhetoric, politics, moral philosophy, poetry, history, and and biblical and classical sources |
| Baldassare Castiglione |
author of Book of the Courtier- humanist |
| Florentine Platonic Academy |
allowed humanists to devote time to studying Plato and the Neoplatonists |
| Francesco Petrarch |
"father of humanism" |
| Northern Renaissance |
spread by the French invasion of Italy and Italian scholars- more interested in religious reform |
| Desiderius Erasmus |
northern humanist tried to unite classical and christian ideals of civic virtue in his writings |
| Christopher Columbus |
discovered the Americas- landing in Cuba |
| Amerigo Vespucci |
first to make it to India by sea, rounding the Cape of Good Hope |
| Ferdinand Magellan |
his crews were the first to circumnavigate the world- he was murdered in the Philipines |
Spanish 3
