| Question |
Answer |
| what is ethics |
that our research is always evolving. |
| APA stands for? |
American Psycholical Association |
| Rights of Research Participants: |
informed consent. vulnerable groups. |
| condifential |
same place cannot put your name |
| annonymous |
no name on survey just a number. |
| aggregate data |
avg. score not identified. have right to withdream without penalty |
| deception |
do if your told. |
| what color is the brain? what size? |
whiteish color. fits in plam of your hand. |
| lobes increase what? |
surface area of brain. |
| brain is the what? |
most incased organ in body |
| neuropsychology |
90's decade of brain |
| complexity |
interprets info. quickly |
| integration |
choke on something |
| plasticity |
ablitiy for modification and change |
| electrochemical transmission |
how we send messages |
| CNS |
brain and spinal cord info. processing center. sends messages in and otu |
| PNS |
autonomic and somatic |
| autonomic |
internal organs: you have little control over |
| somatic: |
body sends impules to your senses and skeletal muscles. voulnatrt control over. |
| autonomic has two parts: |
sypatheic and parasympathetic |
| sympatheic |
arouses the body: if a bear jumps out you run away. heart beats faster |
| parasympathetic |
calms after arousal |
| CNS is at what part of body and is incased in? |
center of body and incased in bone |
| sensory nerves (afferent) |
sends impused to the brain |
| motor nerves (efferent) |
sents info. out to muscles. exit brain |
| interneurons(neural) |
activity within the brain |
| neurons are what? |
basic unit of N.S. the bits and threads. specialized for processing information |
| how many neurons are there? |
100 billion |
| glial cells "jello" helps 3 things: |
1. helps support2. helps communicate3. nursises neurons |
| dendrites |
gets message |
| axon |
sends message and resends another message |
| nerual impulse |
one end of neuron to other as a brief impules or wave of electricity |
| action potential |
brief wave of + electrical charge that flows down the axon during transmission |
| can there be a half of a transmission? |
NO. all or none |
| refreactory peroid |
one neuron fies until it resets itself; resting peroid; reset. |
| what is chemical called |
neurotransmitters |
| chem. is released from vesicles in the what> |
terminal buttons on axons |
| neurotransmitters flow into the what |
synaptic cleft of gap |
| nt connect to recptor cites on the? |
dendrites |
| how many nt? |
over 50 |
| each nt has specific _____ and _____ |
function and receptor cite |
| Acetylcholine (ACH) |
stimulates the firing of neurons and involved in the action of mucles, learning and memory. blocking results in paralysis. |
| Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) |
inhibits the firing of neurons. helps control preciseness of the signal being carried from one neuron to other. anxiety. |
| serotonin |
inhibits. regulates sleep, mood, attention, and learning. low levels= depression |
| norepinephrin |
usually inhibits firing of neurons in CNS but excites heart muscles, intestines, and urogential tract. controls alertness. |
| dopamine |
inhibits. controls voluntary movements and affects sleep. mood attention and learning. |
| endorphins |
natural opiates simulate firing.. they shield body from pain and increase feelings or pleasure. |
| most drugs that infulence behavior do it by interfering with how neurotransmitters work; others mimic or increase the effcts of nt |
|
| alochol inhibits what? resulting in |
serotoinin. depression |
| morphine mimics? |
endorphins. pleasurability |
| what are neural networks |
cluters of neurons that are interconnected to process information |
| nerual netwroks ditributes what? |
attention, memory and thinking across wide range of connected nerurons |
| what determines how well you remember something |
the strenth of connection |
| lowest part of the brain |
hind brain |
| hind brain inclues |
medulla, pons, cerebellum |
| medulla controls |
breathing, reflexes, posture |
| cerebellum |
motor coord. |
| pons controls |
involved in sleep and wakefullness |
| nerve-fibers travel thro. midbrain connecting____ and ____ portions of brain |
higher and lower |
| reticular formation is what |
sterotypical behaviors like walking, sleeping, turning to locate sound. |
| brainstem connects what |
spinal cord with brain. encases reticular information. regul. breathing, heartreate, BP |
| highest level of brain |
forebrain |
| limbic system |
memory and emtoion |
| thalamus |
a relay station to sort, input, and send messages |
| basal ganglia |
controls cord. voluntary movements |
| hypothalamus |
regulates eating, drinking, sex |
| cerebral cortex |
thinking and planning |
| cerebral cortext is what % of brain |
80 |
| largest part of brain |
cerebral cortext |
| corpus callosum |
the havles are connect by thick band on tissue/neurons. two hemispheres of cc. |
| frontal lobe |
judgement, intelligence, personality |
| parietal |
motor control, physical body movements |
| occipital |
vision |
| temporal |
auditory, lang. processing, memory |
| sensory cortext processes info about |
body sensation |
| motor cortex pro. info about |
motor movemnts |
| sensation |
recieving stimulus enegry from external world |
| receptor cells register a what |
stiumus |
| stimulus enegry is converted into an electrochemical impule called |
trasduction |
| afferent neurons trasmit info from ____ to _____ |
organ to brain |
| perception |
oranizing and interpreting info from the sensory organs to give it meaning |
| attention |
selective program- you can choose what info you ignore and pay attention to |
| absolute threshold |
minimum stimulation that is detectable 50% of the time |
| Difference Threshold |
we are tuned to detect when stimuli changes. |
| JND= just noticible difference |
50% detectable |
| Webers law states |
2 simuli msut differ by a constant proportion for different to be noticiable |
Biology Lab Midterm
