| Question |
Answer |
| Program |
a sequence of instructions written in a code that the computer understands |
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) |
consists of different elements used to control all the functions of the computer electronically |
| Machine Language |
consists of 0s and 1s to represent the status of a switch (0 for off and 1 for on) |
| Integrated Circuits (ICs) |
created from silicon wafers what are etched with intricate circuits and coated with a metallic oxide to allow circuits to conduct electricity to allow computers to process information at a rate of millions of calculations per second |
| Programming Language |
a set of words, codes, and symbols that allow a programmer to give instructions to the computer |
| Low-Level Programming Language |
used to communicate directly with the computer but is difficult to use; includes Machine Language and Assembly Language |
| High-Level Programming Language |
have English-like instructions and are easier to use than machine language; includes Fortran, C, BASIC, COBOL, and Pascal |
| Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) |
allows programmers to created modules that can be used over and over again in a variety of programs; includes Java, C++, and Visual BASIC |
| Input Devices |
used to enter data and instructions into the computer; includes keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, digital camera, CD-RW/DVD drive, disk drive |
| Peripheral devices |
added to a computer system to make it more versatile; includes scanners, printers |
| Output devices |
used to convey processed data to the user; includes monitor, printer |
| Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) |
can perform arithmetic and logic operations inside the CPU; can also make comparisons |
| Bus |
a set of circuits that connect the CPU to other components |
| Read Only Memory (ROM) |
contains most of the basic operating instructions of the computer; a permanent part of the computer and cannot be changed |
| Random Access Memory (RAM) |
memory where data and instructions are stored temporarily; used to store frequently used data so that it can be quickly retrieved by an application |
| Desktop computer |
designed to fit on a desk |
| Mainframe |
a large computer system that supports multi-user applications |
| Stylus |
shaped like a thin pencil used to write on a screen |
| Bit |
each 0 or 1 in the binary code |
| Byte |
eight 0s or 1s |
| Megabyte (MB) |
1,048,576 bytes |
| Intranet |
a network that is used by a single organization and is only accessible by authorized users |
| Extranet |
extends an Intranet by providing various levels of accessibility to authorized members of the public |
| Internet |
the largest and most widely accessed network of computers that is not controlled by any one organization |
Buen Viaje lv.2 ch 8
