| Word |
Definition |
| earthquake |
The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface. |
| stress |
A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume. |
| deformation |
A change in the volume or shape of Earth's crust |
| shearing |
Stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions. |
| tension |
Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle. |
| compression |
Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks. |
| fault |
A break in Earth's crust where slabs of rock slip past each other. |
| strike-slip fault |
A type of fault where rocks on either side move past each other sideways with little up-or-down motion. |
| normal fault |
A type of fault where the hanging wall slides downward. |
| hanging wall |
The block of rock that forms the upper half of a fault. |
| footwall |
The block of rock that forms the lower half of a fault. |
| reverse fault |
A type of fault where the hanging wall slides upward. |
| fault-block mountain |
A mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
| fold |
A bend in rock that forms where part of Earth's crust is compressed. |
| anticline |
An upward fold in rock formed by compression of Earth's crust. |
| syncline |
A downward fold in rock formed by compression in Earth's crust. |
| plateau |
A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level. |
