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vital signs 1
chapter 30
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| represents the patients general state of health | homeostasis |
| cardinal signs | T P R BP |
| measurements that include head and chest circumference. performed on children three and under | anthropometric |
| the balance between the heat lost and the heat produced by the body | temperature |
| tempurature is normally slower and cooler in the | morning |
| a fever that rises and falls only slightly during the 24 hour period | continuous fever |
| fever comes and goes or spikes then returns to average | intermittent fever |
| has great fluctuation but never returns to the average range | remittent fever |
| reflects the palpable beat of the arteries as they expand with the beat of the heart | pulse |
| bradycardia, tachycardia, pulse defecit | arrhythmia |
| one complete inspiration and expiration is | respiration |
| characteristics of respiratory rate | rate, number of respirations per minuterhythm, breathing patterndepth, amount of air being inhaled and exhaled |
| reflects the pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries | blood pressure |
| the pressure of the blood against the artery walls when the heart has just finished pumping. contracting | systolic measurement |
| the pressure of the blood against the artery walls between heartbeats. the heart is filling with blood | diastolic measurement |
| rectal or aural temperature is considered febrile | over 100.4 degrees |
| oral temp febrile over | 99.5 degrees |
| axillary temp over | 98.6 degrees |
| most accurate form of temperature | aural |
| with every beat the heart pumps an amount of blood into the aorta | stroke volume |
| difficult or painful breathing | dyspnea |
| a progressive and irreversible lung condition that results in diminished lung capacity | COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| respirations that are regular in rhythm but slower than normal in rate | bradypnea |
| absence or cesation of breathing | apnea |
| respirations that are rapid and shallow, hyperventilation | tachypnea |
| increase in the depths of breathing | hyperpnea |
| abnormally prolonged and deep breathing usually associated with acute anxiety or emotional tension | hyperventilation |
| condition in which an individual must sit or stand to breath comfortably | orthopnea |
| abnormal or crackling breath sounds during inspiration | rales |
| abnormal rumbling sounds on expiration that indicate airway obstruction by thick secretions or spasms | rhonchi |
| a strenuous respiratory effort that has a snoring sound | stertorous |
| bluish color that represents the increased level of carbon dioxide present in the blood | cyanosis |
| produced by the vibrations of the arterial wall | korotkoff |
| used to measure blood pressure with a stethoscope | sphygmomanometer |
| instrument used to inspect the inner structures of the eye | ophthalmoscope |
| instrument used to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic memmbrane | otoscope |
| stainless steel instrument used to inspect he lining of the nose,nasal membranes, and internal septum | nasal speculum |
| used to check a patients auditory acuity and to test bone vibration | tuning fork |
| flexible ribbon ruler | tape measure |
| listening device used to ausculate certain areas of the body | stethoscope |
| the use of observation to detect significant physical features or objective data | inspection |
| the use of touch to determine the body's condition or that of an underlying organ | palpation |
| involves tapping or striking the body usually with the fingers or a small hammer | percussion |
| uses a stethoscope to listen to sounds arising from the body and distinguish between normal and abnormal sounds | ausculation |
| the forceful passive movement of a joint to determine its range of extension or flexion | manipulation |
| the process of measuring | mensuration |
| rules for emergencies | stay calmassess the situation to determine nature of the emergencyobtain as much information as possible to determine the appropriate actionimmediately refer any concerns to the office supervisor or physician |
| fungal infection | mycotic |
| chain of infection | Infectious agentResevoir hostPortal of exitmode of transmissionPortal of entranceSuseptible host |
| similar to both viruses and bacteria carried by vectors | rickettsiae |
| molds and yeasts | fungi |
| unicellular parasites frequently transmitted by vectors | protozoa |
| classified by the morphology some produce spores | bacteria |
| smallest obligate intracellular parasites palliative treatment | viruses |
| produces antibodies specific to antigen exposure | humoral immunity |
| destroys pathogens at the site. phagocytosis | cell mediated immunity |
| the bodys protective reaction to a foreign substance or antigen | inflammatory response |
| four classic signs and symptoms of inflammation | rednessswellingpainheat |
| two things needed for effective handwashing | running water and friction |
| specialized clothing or equipment that prevents blood or other potentially infectious material from passing through to reach the healthcare worker | personal protective equipment PPE |
| what is the first thing that should be done post exposure for a needle stick | immediately cleanse the site |
| to create an environment as free of pathogens as possible to prevent reinfection or cross infection | medical asepsis |
| used when the patients skin or mucous membranes are disrupted | surgical asepsis |
| an alteration in the normal structure or function of an organism or cell | disease |
| growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the body is considered | ifectious disease |
| safety and infection control fundamentals | barrier protectionenvirnmental protectionhousekeeping controlshep b vaccinationpostexposure follow up |
| a needle can be recapped when | after drawing medication from a vial. |
| tears of the ligaments | sprains |
| injuries to a muscle and tendon | strains |
| the basic unit of life | cell |
| space within a vessel or tube | lumen |
| any medication route other than oral | parenteral |
| absence of heartbeat | asystole |
| a substance that causes vomitting | emetic |
| excreting large amounts of urine | polyuria |
Created by:
tonja