Drug profiles

Description:	decadron, solumedrol, albuterol, sodium bicarb, etomidate
Category:	Paramedic/EMT
Created by:	klindley on 2009-06-16

Question	Answer
Sodium Bicarb GENERIC NAME	None
Sodium Bicarb BRAND NAME	Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%
Sodium Bicarb CLASS	Buffer
Sodium Bicarb MECHANISM OF ACTION	Counteracts existing acidosis
Sodium Bicarb INDICATIONS	Acidosis, drug intoxications (barbiturates, salicylates, methyl alcohol)
Sodium Bicarb CONTRAINDICATIONS	Alkalosis
Sodium Bicarb ADVERSE REACTIONS	Metabolic alkalosis, Hypernatremia, Peripheral edema, Sodium and fluid retention
Sodium Bicarb NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION	none
Sodium Bicarb INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS	Incompatible with other drug infusions.
Sodium Bicarb DOSE/ROUTE Adult Dosage Metabolic Acidosis Cardiac arrest	1 mEq/kg, may repeat at 0.5 mEq/kg in 10 minutes
Sodium Bicarb Pediatric Dosage	1 mEq/kg IV or IO NS Can contribute to acidosis and cause fluid overload
Sodium Bicarb ONSET OF ACTION	Seconds
Sodium Bicarb PEAK EFFECTS	1-2 minutes
Sodium Bicarb DURATION OF ACTION	10 minutes
Sodium Bicarb AZ DRUG BOX SUPPLY RANGE	100 mEq
Albuterol GENERIC NAME	Albuterol
Albuterol BRAND NAME	Proventil, ventolin
Albuterol CLASS	Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator
Albuterol MECHANISM OF ACTION	Binds and stimulates Beta2 receptors, resulting in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
Albuterol INDICATIONS	COPD, Asthma, bronchitis
Albuterol CONTRAINDICATIONS	Angioedema, sensitivity to Albuterol or levalbuterol
Albuterol ADVERSE REACTIONS	tremors, dizziness, tachycardia, palpitations, N/V , hyperglycemia, Hypokalemia, HA, and paradoxical bronchospasm.
Albuterol NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION	Pregnancy safety category C. antagonized by beta blockers
Albuterol INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS	Tricyclic antidepressants may potentiate vasculature effects. Beta blockers are antagonistic. May potentiate Hypokalemia caused by diuretics.
Albuterol DOSE/ROUTE Adult	2.5mg. every 20 minutes up to 3 doses.
Albuterol DOSE/ROUTE Pediatric >12 years	0.5mg/kg/hr
Albuterol DOSE/ROUTE Pediatric <12 years	0.15mg/kg every 20min up to 3 doses
Albuterol ONSET OF ACTION	5-15min.
Albuterol PEAK EFFECTS	30min-2hours
Albuterol DURATION OF ACTION	3-4 hours.
Albuterol AZ DRUG BOX SUPPLY RANGE	10mg
Decadron GENERIC NAME	Dexamethasone
Decadron BRAND NAME	Decadron
Decadron CLASS	Corticosteroid
Decadron MECHANISM OF ACTION	Reduces inflammation and Immune responses.
Decadron INDICATIONS	Anaphylaxis, spinal cord injury, asthma, croup, nonresponsive forms of shock
Decadron CONTRAINDICATIONS	Hypersensitivity
Decadron ADVERSE REACTIONS	HTN, Hyperglycemia, edema, N/V, Immunosuppresion
Decadron NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION	Protect from heat
Decadron INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS	Calcium, Metaraminol.
Decadron DOSE/ROUTE Adult	1-6mg/kg slow IV bolus
Decadron DOSE/ROUTE Pediatric	0.25-1mg/kg/dose IV, IO, IM
Decadron ONSET OF ACTION	Hours
Decadron PEAK EFFECTS	8-12 hours
Decadron DURATION OF ACTION	72 hours.
Decadron AZ DRUG BOX SUPPLY RANGE	8mg optional
ETOMIDATE GENERIC NAME	ETOMIDATE
ETOMIDATE BRAND NAME	Amidate
ETOMIDATE CLASS	Sedative/hypnotic agent
ETOMIDATE MECHANISM OF ACTION	Produces hypnosis rapidly causing CNS depression and anesthesia No analgesic effect
ETOMIDATE INDICATIONS	Induction of anesthesia for rapid sequence intubation (RSI)
ETOMIDATE CONTRAINDICATIONS	Hypersensitivity
ETOMIDATE ADVERSE REACTIONS	Hypotension, HTN, Hypoventilation, Hyperventilation, Arrhythmias, respiratory depression, temporary involuntary muscle movement, N/V
ETOMIDATE NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION	none
ETOMIDATE INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS	none
ETOMIDATE DOSE/ROUTE ADULT	0.3 mg/kg IV over 30-60 seconds
ETOMIDATE DOSE/ROUTE Peds	>10 years. Same as adult.
ETOMIDATE ONSET OF ACTION	1 minute
ETOMIDATE PEAK EFFECTS	n/a
ETOMIDATE DURATION OF ACTION	3-5 minutes
ETOMIDATE AZ DRUG BOX SUPPLY RANGE	80mg
Solu-Medrol GENERIC NAME	Methylprednisolone
Solu-Medrol BRAND NAME	Solu-Medrol
Solu-Medrol CLASS	Anti-inflammatory Glucocorticoid
Solu-Medrol MECHANISM OF ACTION	Reduces inflammation by multiple mechanisms.
Solu-Medrol INDICATIONS	Acute spinal cord trauma, anaphylaxis, Asthma, COPD
Solu-Medrol CONTRAINDICATIONS	fungal infections, Cushing’s syndrome, measles,
Solu-Medrol ADVERSE REACTIONS	HA, HTN, Sodium and water retention, CHF, Hypokalemia, N/V
Solu-Medrol NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION	Pregnancy safety not established, crosses the placenta and may cause fetal harm. Not effective if spinal cord injury is greater then 8 hours.
Solu-Medrol INCOMPATABILITIES/DRUG INTERACTIONS	Hypoglycemic responses to insulin and hypoglycemic agents may be blunted. Potassium-depleting agents may exacerbate hypokalemic effects.
Solu-Medrol DOSE/ROUTE Adult, Acute spinal cord injury	30mg/kg IV over 30 minutes followed by an infusion.
Solu-Medrol Dose/route Adult asthma and COPD	1-2mg/kg IV.
Solu-Medrol Dose/route Pediatric	Same as adult
Solu-Medrol ONSET OF ACTION	1-2 hours
Solu-Medrol PEAK EFFECTS	Variable
Solu-Medrol DURATION OF ACTION	8-24 hours
Solu-Medrol AZ DRUG BOX SUPPLY RANGE	250mg