| Question |
Answer |
| Philip II |
king of spain who sent a huge fleet of warships to defeat england |
| Catherine II |
queen of russia who was born a german princess named Sophie |
| Louis XIII |
weak king of france who relied on a strong advisor to run the country |
| Frederick William II |
king of prussia who increased the size of his country, won the seven years' warl, and stressed science |
| Charles V |
Wealthiest, strongest king in europe in the 1500s who ruled spain, the holy roman empire, the netherland. part of italy, and austria |
| Louis XIV |
known as the sun king who built versailles palace in france |
| peter I |
king of russia who toured european capital cities |
| joseph II |
king of austria who abolished the death penalty, allowed religious freedom and freed the serfs |
| Henry IV |
king of france who was born a Huguenot and allowed them religious freedom |
| Maria Theresa |
queen of austria whose father came up with the pragmatic canction to help his daughter take over after his death |
| Charles II |
Ruler of England during the Restoration |
| CHarles I |
Ruler of england during the English Civil War |
| William & Mary |
Asked by Parliament to rule England and changed the government to constitutional monarchy |
| Oliver Cromwell |
known as the Lord Protector of england |
| James II |
English ruler who gave up the throne after 3 storstormy years feuding with parliament |
| James I |
unpopular english king who was born in scotland and known for his sloppy appearance |
| Francis Bacon |
english scientist who began using the scientific method |
| Isaac Newton |
English scientist who developed calculus and wrote about the laws of gravity |
| Nicholaus Copernicus |
Polish scientist who developed the heliocentric theory |
| antoine-laurent lavoisier |
french scientist who introduced the metric system and developed the periodic table in chemistry |
| antony von leewenhoek |
dutch scientist who invented the microscope |
| Robert Boyle |
English scientist known as the "father of democracy" |
| Galileo Galilei |
Italian who invented the telescope |
| Rene Descartes |
Mathematician who said" I think, therefore, I am" |
| johannes kepler |
german mathematician who calculated the elliptical orbits of planets around the sun |
| william harvey |
english physician who discovered the purpose of blood in the body was to carry oxygen throughout the body |
| Denis Diderot |
wrote the first encyclopedia to spread knowledge |
| Francois-Marie Arouet |
said "I do not agree with a word you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." |
| Charles Montesquieu |
Believed in spearation of powers in government into 3 branches with a checks and balance system |
| Adam Smith |
Scottish sconomist who believed in laissez-faire where government left business alone |
| thomas paine |
in his pamphlet common sense urged americans to declare their independence |
| samuel adams |
leader of the sons of liberty responsible for the boston tea party |
| james madison |
known as the father of the constitution |
| thomas jefferson |
author of the declaration of independence |
| articles of confederation |
the first laws of the US which were written weak on purpose |
| Charles Cornwallis |
British general who accepted defeat for his country and surrendered to the amercians |
| constitution |
the laws of the US |
| George Washington |
the general who lead the american army in the american revolution |
| declaration of independence |
document written by the second continental congress that created the United States of America |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
