| Question |
Answer |
| Uses various symbols to show how the system transforms input data into useful information. |
data flow diagram(DFD) |
| A set of DFDs provides a logical model that shows ___ the system does, not how |
what |
| 4 basic symbols represent ____, ____, ____, and ___. |
processes, data flows, data stores, and entities. |
| 2 common types of DFDs are: |
Gane and Sarson. Yourdon. |
| Symbols are referenced by using all ____ letters for the symbol name. |
capital |
| receives input data and produces output that has a different content, form, or both. |
Processes |
| Processes contain the _____, also called the ___ that transform that data and produce the required results. |
business logic, business rules. |
| A process is represented by a _______ |
rectangle with rounded corners. |
| A process symbol can be referred to as a ____ because inputs, outputs, etc are known but underlying details and logic are hidden |
black box |
| A path for data to move from one part of the information system to another. |
data flow |
| with spontaneous generation there is no ___ |
input |
| with a black hole there is ____ |
input, no output |
| with a gray hole there is ___ |
at least one input and one output but the input is not sufficient to generate the output. |
| a ___ represents data that the system stores because one or more processes need to use data at a later time. |
data store |
| A data store is represnted by a _____ which is open on the right side and closed on the left. |
flat rectangle |
| Data store names are plural and either a ___ or ___. |
noun, adjective |
| In some instances, a data store has no ___ data |
input |
| An entity is represented by a shaded ___ |
rectangle |
| DFD entities are also called ____ because they are data origins or final destinations |
terminators |
| Entities that supply data to the system a ___. |
source |
| An entity that receives data from the system is a ____ |
sink |
| Each entity must be connected to a process by a ___. |
data flow |
| A ___ is a top-level view of an information system that shows the system's boundaries and scope. |
context diagram |
| A ____ data flow is a data flow in which the same data travels to two or more different locations |
diverging |
| A ___ ___ is a process that consists of a single function that is not explode further. |
functional primitive |
| ___ is the process of drawing a series of increasingly detailed diagrams until all functional primitives are identified |
leveling |
| ___ maintains consistency among a set of DFDs by ensuring that input and output data flows align properly. |
balancing |
| Leveling is also called |
exploding, partioning, decomposing |
| A data dictionary or data ____ is a central storehouse of information about the systems data. |
repository |
| A data element or ___ or ___ is the smallest piece of data that has meaning within an information system. |
item, field |
| Data elemnts are combined into records, also called _____ ___. A record is a meaningful combination of related data elements that is included in a data flow or retained in a data store. |
data structures |
| An ___ is any name other than the standard data element name. |
alias |
| ___ design is based on combinations of 3 logical structures sometimes called control structure which serve as building blocks for the process. |
modular |
| A _____ documents the details of a functional primitive and represents a specific set of processing steps and business logic. |
process description |
| 3 logical structure are ___ |
sequence, selection, iteration |
| ___ is the completetion of 1 of 2 or more process steps based on the results of a test/condition |
selection |
| ___ is the completetion of a process step that is repeated until a specific condition changes (looping) |
iteration. |
| A ___ shows a logical structure, with all possible conbinations of conditions and resulting actions. |
decision table. |
| A _____ is a graphical representation of the conditions, actions, and rules found in a decision table. |
decision tree |
| In a ___ approach they develop a physical model of the current sustem, a logical model of the current system, and a logical model of the new system. |
four-model |
| ____ anaylsis describes an information system by identifying things called objects. |
object-oriented |
| The end product of object oriented analysis is |
object model |
| ___ is a widely used method of visualizing and documenting an information system. |
Unified Modeling Language (UML) |
| An object has certain ___, which are characteristics that describe the object. |
attributes |
| An object also has ___, which was tasks or functions that the object performs when it receives a ___, or command to do so. |
methods, message |
| A __ is a group of similiar objects. |
class |
| An ___ is a specific member of a class. |
instance |
| Objects can have a specific attribute called a ___. |
state |
| A __ defines specific tasks that an object can perform. |
method |
| The concept that a message gives different meanings to different objects is called ___. |
polymorphism |
| The black box concept is an example of ____, which means that all data and methods are self-contained. |
encapsulation |
| Objects within a class can be grouped into ____. |
subgroups |
| A class can belong to a more general category called a ____. |
superclass |
| ____ enable objects to communicate and interact as they perform business functions and transactions required |
Relationships |
| ___ enables an object, called a ___ to derive one or more of its attributes |
Inheritance, child |
| A ___ represents the steps in a specific business function or process. |
use case |
| An external entity, called an ____, initiates a use case by requesting the system to perform a function or process. |
actor |
| For each use case, you also develop a _____ in the form of a table. |
use case description |
| A __ ___ is a visual summary of several related use cases within a system or subsystem. |
use case diagram |
| The ___ shows what is included in the system and what is not included in the system. |
system boundary |
| A ___ diagram represents a detailed view of a single use case, shows the classes that participate in the use case and documents the relationship among the classes. |
class |
| __ describes how instances of one class relate to instances of another class. |
cardinality |
| A ___ diagram is a dynamic model of a use case, showing the interaction among classes during a specified time period. |
sequence |
| The ___ represents the time during which the object above it is able to interact with the other objects in the use case. |
lifeline |
| The ___ indicates when an object send or receives a message |
focus |
| A ___ diagram shows how an object changes from one state to another, depending on events that affect the object. |
state transition |
| An ___ digram resembles a horizontal flowchart that shows the actions and events as they occur. |
activity |
| A ___ diagram represents a detailed view of a single use case, shows the classes that participate in the use case and documents the relationship among the classes. |
class |
| __ describes how instances of one class relate to instances of another class. |
cardinality |
| A ___ diagram is a dynamic model of a use case, showing the interaction among classes during a specified time period. |
sequence |
| The ___ represents the time during which the object above it is able to interact with the other objects in the use case. |
lifeline |
| The ___ indicates when an object send or receives a message |
focus |
| A ___ diagram shows how an object changes from one state to another, depending on events that affect the object. |
state transition |
| An ___ digram resembles a horizontal flowchart that shows the actions and events as they occur. |
activity |
Beef Production
