| Question |
Answer |
| alveolar duct |
airway that branches from the smallest bronchioles |
| alveolar sac |
each alveolar duct ends in several sacs that resemble a cluster of grapes |
| alveoli |
a small cavity |
| aortic body |
small cluster of chemosensitive cells that respond to carbon dioxide and oxygen levels |
| apnea |
temporary cessation of breathing |
| bronchi |
the branches of the trachea |
| bronchiolus |
small branch of a bronchus |
| carbaminohemoglobin |
the compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin |
| carotid body |
chemoreceptor located in the carotid artery that detects changes in the oxygen, CO2, and blood acid levels |
| conchae |
shell-shaped strucuture; ex: bony projections into the nasal cavity |
| dyspnea |
difficult of labored breathing |
| epiglottis |
lidlike cartilage overhanging the entrance to the larynx |
| eupnea |
normal respiration |
| expiratory reserve volume |
the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after expiring the tidal volume |
| glottis |
the space between the vocal cords |
| heme |
iron-containing component of hemoglobin |
| hyperventilation |
very rapid deep respirations |
| hypoventilation |
slow and shallow respirations |
| hypoxia |
abnormallly low concentraction of oxygen in the blood or tissue fluids |
| infant respiratory distress syndrome |
leading cause of death in premature babies, due to the lack of surfactant in the alveolar air sacs |
| inspiratory reserve volume |
the amount of air that can be forcibly inspired over and above a normal respiration |
| maximum oxygen consumption |
the max amount of oxygen taken up by the lungs, transported to the tissues, and used to do work |
| partial pressure |
pressure exerted by any one gas in a mixture of gases or in a liquid; symbol used to designate partial pressure is a capital letter P preceding the chemical symbol for the gas |
| phrenic nerve |
the nerve that stimulates the diaphragm to contact |
| pleurisy |
inflammation of the pleura |
| pulmonary ventilation |
breathing; process that moves air in and out of the lungs |
| residual volume |
the air that remains in the lungs after the most forceful expiration |
| respiration |
breathing |
| respiratory arrest |
cessation of breathing without resumption |
| respiratory membrane |
the single layer of cells that makes up the wall of the alveoli |
| respiratory mucosa |
mucus-covered membrane that lines the tubes of the respiratory tree |
| sinusitis |
sinus infections |
| spirometer |
an instrument used to measure the amount of air exchanged in breathing |
| surfactant |
a substance covering the surface of the respiratory membrane inside the alveolus, which reduces surface tension and prevents the alveoli from collapsing |
| tidal volume |
amount of air breathed in and out with each breath |
| tonsillectomy |
surgical procedure used to remove the tonsils |
| trachea |
the windpipe, the tube extending from the larynx to the bronchi |
| vital capacity |
largest amount of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs in one inspiration and expiration |
Science Vocab 147928
