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NR222 Ch. 7 Slides
From the Slides Key points
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Factors of Healthy Environments | Air, Food, & Water; Finances; Family Interaction & Decision-making ; Home, Work, School, & Neighborhood; Political & Economic Stability; Freedom & Safety |
| Environmental Health Hazards | Toxins:Low-dose harm or death to people; Carcinogens:Causes or promotes cancer; Mutagens:Changes chromosomal genetics; Teratogens:Causes birth defects |
| Environmental Health Risk | Probability that actual consequences will occur from potential danger of an environmental hazard. |
| Disease Cluster | Group of people with same disease in higher numbers than expected. |
| Role of Epidemiology | Link environmental health hazards & risks to a defined problem. |
| What are Tertiary Prevention Methods | Rehabilitation; Insulin Injections; Asthma control meds; Anticoagulants for existing thrombi; Antiepileptics for seizures; Coagulation Factor for Hemophilia; Post CVA Rehab |
| Additional Tertiary Prevention Methods | Rehabilitation; Organ Transplant; Surgical Operations; Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy. |
| Four-Step EPA | |
| What is needed to Determine Potential Environmental Hazard:Type of agent; Effect upon body. | |
| Once established exposure... | Delineate Dose Response according to Toxic amount and Human response. |
| Estimate Exposure via | Amount in environment and Amount likely to reach site in body. |
| Determine Seriousness & Susceptibility Risk of Population by | Recognize disease clusters –Nurses inform agencies and Steps to reduce risks –Nurses perform education. |
| Neg. Physiological Respiratory Responsesto E.I. can include: | Congestion; Cough; Wheezing; asthma; Emphysema; Cancer; Gastrointestinal: N & V; Diarrhea; Cancer |
| Neg.Physiological Neurological Responsesto E.I.: | HA & sinus pain; Sensory problems; Vertigo; fainting; Impaired cognition; Seizures. |
| Neg.Physiological Musculoskeletal Responses to E.I.: | Weakness; Cramps; Tremors. |
| Neg.Physiological Genitourinary Responses to E.I. | Infertility; Urination changes. |
| Neg.Physiological Immune System Responses to E.I.: | Eye irritation; Fever; Chills; Fatigue; chemical sensitivity |
| Neg.Physiological Integumentary Responsesto E.I.: | Sun burn; Rash; Itching; Hair loss |
| Neg.Psychological Response to E.I. | Irritability; Depression; Concentration loss; Nervous breakdown; Memory loss; Confusion; Personality's; Hyperactivity; Learning disabilities; Outbursts; Withdrawal; Criminal activity; ADHD |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | Extreme fatigue; Does not improve with bedrest; May worsen with physical/mental activity; |
| Epstein-Barr Virus Syndrome | fever, Lymphadenopathy, & Hepatosplenomegaly; Effects children & young adults |
| Neg Syndrome Resp. to E.I. | Gulf War Syndrome(Research Support); Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; Dyspepsia (indigestion); Eczema; Fibromyalgia (muscle & tissue pain @ joints; Brain CA; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s Disease) (motor neuron disease) |
| Other Reported Symptoms or Syndromes to E.I. | Gulf War Syndrome; Memory loss.; Loss of Balance & Muscle Control; Headache & Vertigo; Shortness of Breath; Insulin Resistance; Muscle & Joint Pain. |
| Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) | Severe atypical pneumonia; Caused by some type ofAnimal Coronavirus.; First cases in China in late |
| Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) | Due to little sunlight. |
| Sources of Pollution Exposure | Air Pollution; Indoor Air; of top environmental risks; higher pollutant levels than outdoors; Affects sense of smell. |
| Sick Building Syndrome | Acute health complaints r/t time in a bldg; Building-related illness (Diagnosable illness r/t airborne bldg contaminants) Indoor Air Pollution Sources; Particulate Matter (Tobacco smoke, asbestos, dust, etc. |
| Biological Contaminants; Animal dander, fungal spores, bacteria, pollens, viruses, etc.; Carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, radon, pesticides, pine mountain log, etc.) | |
| Particulate Matter | Air-suspended Liquid Particles Causing: Coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath; Aggravated asthma; Lung damage; Premature death |
| Sources of particulate matter: | Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); Asbestos exposure; Dust; Hair spray / Perfumes / Spritzers; Cleaning products |
| Biological Contaminants Sources | viruses and bacteria; molds; animal dander & cat saliva; house dust & mites; fungal spores; Pollen; Animal and Insect excrement; infections; hypersensitivity diseases; toxicosis-poisoning |
| Types of Poisoning | endogenic (from within the body) exogenic (not generated from the body) retention (from retained metabolites) |
| Radon | Decay product of uranium; Second to cigarette smoking as leading cause of cancer |
| Radon Found in U.S. homes entering via | Walls; Foundations; Basement floors; Water supply---Test kits available |
| Contaminants of Human Origin; Toxic & nuclear wastes; Nuclear power plants; Air & water pollution; Pesticide spraying; Global warming; natural resources; HIV/AIDS; Violence, terrorism, wars, & genocide | |
| Physiology of Permanent Hearing Loss | Dullness; Hearing threshold shift; Intense pressure waves; Inner ear trauma. |
| Model State of Emergency Health Powers Act | Preparedness; Surveillance; Management of property ; Protection of persons; Communication of information |
| Nurse Role in Bioterrorism | Recognize cases; Prompt evaluation and management; Facilitate communication with officials at all levels; Foster safety and confidence; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
| Related causes of PTSD | Hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, terrorist attacks, nuclear accidents, assault, downsizing |
| Characteristics of PTSD | Health, performance, & family problems; Early symptoms of acute stress, Fear, shock, anxiety, anger, irritability, insomnia, difficulty making decisions, flashbacks, etc. |
| Symptoms of PTSD | Hyperarousal, intrusive recollections, & withdrawal |
| Psychological health(Maville & Huerta,Pg. -) | Emotional first aid ; Steps to minimize adverse effects |
Created by:
azcerkic