Sims review

Description:	Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema, Pneumothorax, Guillian-Barre, Myasthenia Gravis
Category:	Respiratory Therapy
Created by:	celina1382 on 2009-04-15

Question	Answer
What is the primary structure that undergoes change in Chronic Bronchitis?	The conducting airways
In Chronic Bronchitis the ______ _____ are enlarged	bronchial glands
What bacteria is found in the tracheobronchial tree of patients with chronic bronchitis?	H-Influenza and Streptococcus
In a PFT, a patient will show a (increase/decrease) in Expiratory Reserve Volume?	Decreased ERV
What is the trade name of the sympathomimetic agent albuterol?	Proventil and Ventolin
What is the trade name of the parasympatholytic agent ipratropium bromide?	Atrovent
What is produced by bronchspasms, a cardinal finding of bronchial asthma and usually heard as high-pitched sounds?	Wheezing
Which abnormal breathing pattern is associated with diabetic acidosis?	Kussmal's respiration
What 4 things are associated with digital clubbing?	Chronic infection,local hypoxia, vasodilators and arterial hypoxia
Which muscles inserts into the xiphoid process and into the 5th, 6th and 7th ribs?	Rectus abdominis muscle
Which muscles originate from the clavicle?	Sternocleidomastoid and Pectoralis major
Which of the following would a dull percussion note be heard? Pleural Effusion, Atelectasis, Consolidation or Pneumothorax	Pleural Effusion, Atelectasis, & Consolidation
What 3 things are associated with stridor?	High pitched sound, Obstruction in the trachea and Glotic edema
Signs of inadequate oxygenation (3)? intercostal retractions, increased energy, combativeness or cyanosis	Intercostal retractions, combativeness and cyanosis
Which pulse would a RT palpate on a patient during a code?	Carotid
Diminished breath sounds can be heard in which of the following disease process? COPD, Pleural effusion,Guillian-Barre, or CHF	COPD, Pleural effusion and Guillian-Barre
What is another name for Acute Alveolar Hyperventilation	Respiratory Alkalosis
Another name for Acute Ventilatory Failure	Respiratory acidosis
4 respiratory diseases associated with chronic ventilatory failure	Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis
Common causes of metabolic acidosis	lactic acidosis (exercise)ketoacidosis (diabetes)renal failuredehydrationchronic diarrhea
Common causes of metabolic alkalosis	Hypokalemiahypochloremiagastric suctioningvomitinguse of steroid medexcess sodium bicarb
What is a hazard of oxygen therapy in a patient wih chronic ventilatory failure	suppress their hypoxic drive
During acute alveolar hypoventilation, the blood what happens to the blood?	pH decreases, paCO2 increases, HCO3 remains the same
Metabolic alkalosis can develop from which of the following: hypercholremia, hypokalemia, hypocloremia or hyperkalemia?	Hypokalemia and Hypochloremia
What ABG values would decrease in a diabetic ketoacidosis patient?	pH, PaCO2, and HCO3
On an X-ray, consolidation or opacity is caused by _______	Pneumonia
On an x-ray, honeycombing is caused by ____	Pulmonary Fibrosis
On an x-ray, Infiltrates are caused by ____	ARDS
on an x-ray, the term dense means ___	white, as in fluid or tumors
On an x-ray, the term opaque means ____	White
on an x-ray, the term translucent means ___	dark areas
Define Bronchiectasis	A change in airway, can occur alone or with other diseases, frequently found in lower lobes
What happens to secretions in the airways	they get stuck in pockets which lead to infections, airways are cut off by secretion build-up
Describe secretions in bronchiectasis	Copious amounts of foul smelling secretions
Bronchiectasis can lead to...	Hyperinflation of the distal alveoli, Atelectasis (due to mucus plug), consolidation (airless or gassless due to fluid in aleoli), and parenchymal fibrosis
What are the 3 forms of bronchiectasis?	Varicose (fusiform), cylindrical (tubular) and saccular (cystic, which cause the greatest damage)
An x-ray of bronchiectasis would show...	Translucent (dark), depressed diaphragms, long and narrow heart, enlarged heart
what is the hallmark of bronchiectasis	chronic cough and copious foul smelling secretions
Bronchiectasis culture of sputum will show	sputum may separate into layers and will show h-influenza, strep, pseudomonas
a congenital cause of 50% of all bronchiectasis	Cystic Fibrosis
CF is caused by	mutation on chromosome 7
Genetic mutation of chromosome 7 causes	abnormal electrolyte and H2O movement, Increased secretions
How do you diagnose CF	Sweat test