| Joint Motion |
Position |
Axis |
Stationary arm position |
Movable Arm position |
ROM |
muscle |
| Elbow flexion |
Supine |
lateral epicondyle of humerus |
midline of lateral surface of humerus |
midline of lateral surface of radius |
0-150 |
Biceps Brachii |
| Forearm supination |
Seated feet on floor, wrist neutral |
Distal forearm. Volar surface, 1 cm proximal to pisiform |
perpendicular to floor |
Across volar surface of distal forearm |
0-90 |
Supinator |
| Forearm Pronation |
Seated feet on floor wrist neutral |
ulnar styloid process |
perpendicular to floor |
Across dorsal surface of distal forearm |
0-90 |
Pronator quadratus |
| Wrist flexion |
Seated, Feet on floor, Arm on table palm up |
Medial aspect of ulnar styloid |
midline of ulna |
midline of fifth metacarpal |
0-80 |
flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Wrist extension |
Seated, feet on floor, arm on table palm down |
medial aspect of ulnar styloid |
Midline of ulna |
Midline of fifth metacarpal |
0-70 |
extensor carpi ulnaris |
| Wrist radial deviation |
seated, feet on floor, palm flat on surface |
Base of third metacarpal, over capitate bone |
midline of forearm |
midline of third metacarpal |
0-20 |
flexor carpi radialis |
| Wrist ulnar deviation |
Seated, feet on floor, Palm flat on surface |
Base of third metacarpal, over capitate bone |
midline of farearm |
midline of third metacarpal |
0-30, 35 |
flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Shoulder flexion |
Supine, Knees flexed |
Lateral Surface of Acrom. Process |
In line with trunk |
Humerus |
0-180 |
Deltoid |
| Shoulder Extension |
Prone, knees flexed, arm at side |
lateral surface of acromion process |
in line with patient's body |
lateral epicondyle humerus |
0-60 |
Deltoid |
| Shoulder abduction |
sit or standing |
anterior or posterior surface of acromion process |
parallel to sternum |
medial aspect of humerus |
0-180 |
Supraspinatus |
| Shoulder Medial (internal) rotation |
prone, shoulder 90d. abduction, elbow 90d. flexion, supported w/towel |
Olecranon process |
perpendicular to floor |
ulna styloid |
0-70 |
Teres major |
| Shoulder lateral rotation (external) |
prone, shoulder 90d. abduction, elbow 90d. flexion, supported with towel |
Olecranon process of ulna |
perpendicular to floor |
Ulna styloid |
0-90 |
Tere minor |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
