| Question |
Answer |
| infection: invasive pathogens to GI present with what? |
Fecal leukocytes present, fever, blood in stoll |
| Salmonella characteristics |
gram neg rod, non-lactose fermenter, produce H2S |
| Salmonella serotypes... (3) |
O ag- somatic, H ag- flagella, Vi ag- capsular polysaccharide |
| Salmonella pathogenesis |
sensitive to gastric acid (need large numbers for infection, Bacterial type III secretory system, survive intracellularly (in vacuoles then lyse) |
| S. enteritidis virulence |
inflammatory diarrhea |
| Salmonella Typhi clinical characteristics |
typhoid fever... fever, non-productive cough, skin develops rose spots |
| Salmonella typhi virulence |
enters blood stream, little damage to intestine (little diarrhea), involvement with other organs |
| 3 salmonella manifestations |
Enteritis, Septicemia, enteric fever |
| Salmonella Enteritis.... |
most common form (6-48 hours after injection) |
| Salmonella Septicemia... |
more prevalent in old young and immunocompromised |
| Salmonella Enteric Fever.... |
Typhoid fever, bacteria pass through gastric cells and engulfed by macrophage, 10-14 days after ingestion, rose spots (skin lesions) |
| Salmonella on MacConkey |
clear bc does NOT ferment lactose |
| Shigella characteristics... |
non-motile gram neg, non-lactose fermenter, survive in CYTOPLASM, RESISTANT TO STOMACH ACIDS (few needed for infection) |
| Shigella Virulence... |
type III secretion system, use host actin as rocket to propel to next cell |
| Shigella clinical features.... |
dysentery, small volume stools, pain pooping, rarely enters bloodstream |
| Shigella treatment |
fluids and electrolytes,, anti-diarrheal contraindicated |
| Campylobacter characteristics (leading cause of diarrheal illness in the US |
gram neg curved rod, motile (flagella, can survive intracellularly in monocytes or intestinal ep. cells |
| Campylobacter Virulence |
flagella, adhere, type III secretory system, inflammatory and bloody diarrhea |
| Campylobacter clinical presentation |
watery stool, isolated on Campy BAP or Skirrow media, if symptoms longer then a week add antibiotics |
| Yersinia enterocolitica characterisitics |
winter months, gram neg rod, invades mucous of terminal ilieum, often mistaken for appendicitis |
| Yersinia enterocolitica presentation |
fever, 2-3 weeks with abdominal pain, not much diarrhea |
| Vibrio cholera characteristics... |
curved gram neg rod w/ single FLAGELLA, |
| Vibrio cholera presentation,.... |
voluminous watery diarrhea (rice-water), acute illness due to enterotoxin rapid loss of water (A-B toxin..A increases cAMP) |
| Vibrio cholera transmission.... |
Contaminated water.... (seafood uncooked) |
| Vibrio cholera agar.... |
TCBS agar |
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus characteristics |
most virulent, salt loving, often found in undercooked shellfish, contaminated sushi, often seen in Japan |
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