| Question |
Answer |
| Before the invention of agriculture, how did people provide for themselves? |
by hunting and gathering |
| Name 2 areas where hunter and gatherers still live. |
Arctic, interior of Africa and interior of Australia |
| What is the deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain called? |
agriculture |
| What type of activity takes place on some of the most isolated places on earth? |
hunting and gathering |
| According to Carl Sauer what was the first type of plant cultivation? |
vegetative planting ( cuttings and root division) |
| What is the reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds that results from sexual fertilization called? |
seed agriculture |
| Agriculture probably started in multiple hearths. True or False |
True |
| Where did vegetative planting most likely begin? |
Southeast Asia |
| Name 2 vegetative planting hearths. |
Southeast Asia and West Africa |
| Where are 3 seed agriculture hearths located? |
Western India, Northern China, Ethiopia |
| Where in the world did people first incorporate animal domestication with seed Agriculture? |
Southwest Asia |
| What type of agriculture consists of producing only enough food for your family to consume? |
Subsistence |
| What is the purpose of commercial farming? |
to sell crops for money |
| What percent of people in MDC's are directly involved in farming? |
less than 10% |
| What electronic tools are used in precision agriculture? |
GPS, satellite imagery, and yield monitors |
| Most commercial fasrms in the United States are family owned. True or False? |
True |
| What is the system of commercial farming and other MDCs called? |
Agribusiness |
| The mapping of agriculture regions closely relates to what other phenomena? |
climate |
| What are 2 hallmarks of slash and burn agriculture? |
shifting cultivation, fields only used a couple of years, fields are slashed and then burned |
| What does GMO stand for? |
genetically modified organisms |
| What is the seasonal practice of moving livestock between mountains and lowlands called? |
transhumence |
| For pastoral nomads, what determines the amount of the power and prestige? |
the size of their herd |
| What factors contribute to animal selection for pastoral nomads? |
local cultural and physical characteristics |
| What is the practice of growing crops of ridgetops called? |
ridge tillage |
| What three areas is intensive agriculture practiced the most? |
East, South and Southeast Asia |
| In what type of agriculture practice is there virtually no land wasted? |
intensive subsistence farming |
| What is the term of cultivation of 2 crops per year? |
double cropping |
| In Europe, what method did farmers emply to maintain soil fertility? |
crop rotation |
| What agricultural practice was finally developed in the 18th century in northwestern Europe? |
four field crop rotation system |
| What type of agriculture exists in Southern Europe, North Africa, California, Central Chile and Southwestern South Africa? |
Mediterranean |
| Name 3 crops commonly associated with Mediterranean agriculture. |
olives, grapes, fruits vegetables |
| What type of farming produces the products demanded by consumers in MDC's? |
truck farming / commercial gardening |
| What is the ring surrounding the city from which milk can be supplied without spiling called? |
milkshed |
| What 2 crops are grown the most in mixed crop and livestock agriculture regions? |
corn adn soybeans |
| What are the primary spring wheat belt in the United States? |
Dakotas and Montana |
| What type of farming has spread to New England which consists of growing expensive vegetables and nursery plants? |
Specialty farming |
| Who created a theory to explain how population growth influences the distribution of types of susistence farming? |
Ester Boserut |
| Due to overgrazing, what are semiarid lands subject to? |
desertification |
| What was the rapid invention and diffusion of more productive agriculure practices in the 1960's and 70's called? |
Green Revolution |
| What continent benefitted the least from the Green Revolution? |
Africa |
| What type of agriculture occurs in LDCs that is controlled by MDC corporation? |
export crops |
| Name 3 plantation agricultural products. |
cotton, coffee, sugarcane |
| What 2 factors influence the choice of crops for commercial farmers? |
value of yield and cost of transporting it |
| According to Von Thumen, how is land used in the ring closest to the market? |
perishable products like dairy and horticulture |
| In general why do commercial farmers suffer low incomes? |
They produce more food than is demanded by MDC's. |
| Name 2 policies the US gov't uses to discourage farmers from producing too much food. |
They encourage planting fallow crops. and they pay farmers when prices are low. |
| What are 2 basic principles of sustainable agriculture? |
limited use of chemicals and integration of crops and livestock. |
| According to the Von Thumen model, how is the third ring used? |
crop rotation |
Science Vocab 147928
