Bio 261chp 4

Description:	enzymes,potential energy,photosyn
Category:	Physiology
Created by:	mich826@hotmail.com on 2009-02-07

Question	Answer
T/F: EVEN A ONE CELLED BACTERIUM HAS COMPLEXITY AT A CHEMICAL LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION	TRUE
Through photosynthesis,PLANTS TRAP ___ AND __ FROM CO2 IN THE AIR	CARBON AND OXYGEN
THROUGH PHOTOSYNTHESIS,PLANTS EXTRACT NITORGEN FROM THE ____	SOIL
THROUGH PHOTOSYNTHESIS,PLANTS PULL ___ AND ___ FROM WATER	OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN
ANIMALS CANNOT TRAP ENERGY FROM THE SUN,SOIL,OR AIR TO MAKE BIOMOLECULES;INSTEAD THEY MUST _____	EAT PLANTS OR OTHER ANIMALS TO IMPORT NITROGEN CHEMICAL-BOND ENERGY THROUGH RESPIRATION
RESPIRATION ALLOWS ANIMALS TO CONSUME OXYGEN AND PRODUCE ____ AND ___	CO2 CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER
What is the name for the glucose polymers (carbs) and lipid molec are the main energy stores of animals?	GLYCOGEN
ULTIMATELY,WHAT IS THE ENRGY SOURCE FOR ALL ANIMALS AND PLANTS?	ENERGY FROM THE SUN TRAPPED BY PHOTOSYNTHESIS
IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS,ENERGY MEANS ONE OF THREE THINGS:	1) CHEMICAL WORK 2) TRANSPORT WORK 3) MECHANICAL WORK
ENERGY IS THE CAPACITY TO DO ___	WORK
THE FUNCTION OF ____ WORK ENBLES CELLS & ORGANISMS TO GROW,MAINTAIN SUITABLE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT,AND STORE INFO FOR REPROD	CHEMICAL WORK
NAME AN EXAMPLE OF CHEMICAL WORK IN REF TO WOUND REPAIR	THE CHEM BONDS OF A PROTEIN A BODY USES FOR WOUND REPAIR
TRANSPORT WORK ALLOWS CELLS TO MOVE __,___,AND ___ THROUGH CELL MEMBRANE	IONS,MOLEC,LARGER PARTICLES
TRANSPORT WORK IS USEFUL IN CREATING ___ ___	CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
WHAT IS A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT?	DISTRIBUTION OF MOLEC IS GREATER ON SIDE OF THE MEMBRANE THAN ON THE OTHER;
WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF TRANSPORT WORK IN THE ER?	ER USE ENERGY TO TRANSPORT CALCIUM IONS FROM THE CYTOSOL
___ WORK IS USED FOR MOVEMENT IN ANIMALS	MECHANICAL WORK
NAME EXAMPLES OF MECHANICAL WORK AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL	ORGANELLES MOVING,CELLS CHANGING SHAPE,CILLIA/FLAGELLA BEATING
MECHANICAL MOVEMENT AT A ___ LEVEL INVOLVES MUSCLE CONTRACTION	MACROSCOPIC
MOST MECHANICAL WORK IS MEDIATED BY ___ PROTEINS FROM INRACELLULAR CYSTOSKELETON	MOTOR (IE. ACTIN MICROFILAMENTS;MYOSIN INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS)
WHAT ARE THE 2 FORMS OF OF ENERGY?	KINETIC AND POTENTIAL
iN SCIENCE,ENERGY IS REFERRED TO STORED ENERGY IN ___ BONDS	CHEMICAL BONDS
___ ENERGY REFERS TO MOTION	KINETIC
STORED ENERGY IS ___ ENERGY	POTENTIAL
A BALL ROLLING DOWN A HILL IS AN EXAMPLE OF ____	KINETIC ENERGY
ELECTRIC CHARGE FLOWING THROUGH POWER LINES	KINETIC ENERGY
PERFUME MOLEC SPREADING THROUGH THE AIR	KINETIC ENERGY
A BALL POISED AT THE TOP OF THE HILL HAS __ ENERGY	POTENTIAL
A MOLEC ON THE HIGH SIDE OF CONCENTRATION GRADIENT STORES __ ENERGY BECAUSE IT CAN MOVE DOWN THE GRADIENT	POTENTIAL
IN CHEMICAL BONDS,____ ENERGY IS STORED IN THE POSITION OF THE e-	POTENTIAL
T/F KINETIC ENERGY AND POTENTIAL ENERGY HAVE THE ABILITY TO BECOME EACH OTHER	TRUE
WORK ALWAYS INVOLVES MOVEMENT,THEREFORE IS ALWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH __ ENERGY	KINETIC ENERGY
POTENTIAL ENERGY CAN BE USED TO PERFORM WORK,BUT WHAT MUST HAPPEN FIRST?	POTENTIAL ENERGY MUST CONVERT TO KINETIC ENERGY FIRST
WHAT HAPPENS TO ENERGY DURING THE CONVERSION OF POTENTIAL TO KINETIC ENERGY?	CERTAIN AMOUNT OF ENERGY LOST TO THE ENVIRONMENT AS HEAT
IS THE CONVERSION OF POTENTIAL TO KINETIC ENERGY 100% EFFICIENT?	NO
WHEN WORK IS USED TO PUSH A BALL UP A RAMP,WHAT IS HAPPENING TO THE KINETIC/POTENTIAL ENERGY?	MOVEMENT UP THE RAMP (KINETIC ENERGY) TRANSFORMS TO POTENTIAL ENERGY OF THE BALL'S POSITION
THE BALL SITTING ON TOP OF THE RAMP HAS ___ ENERGY AS THERE IS NO WORK BEING PERFORMED	POTENTIAL ENERGY
WHEN THE BALL ROLLS DOWN THE RAMP,___ ENERGY CONVERTS TO __ ENERGY	POTENTIAL (BALL ON TOP OF RAMP) TO KINETIC (BALL ROLLS DOWN THE RAMP)
AS THE BALL ROLLS DOWN,WHAT HAPPENS TO SOME OF THE KINETIC ENERGY?	IT IS LOST TO ENVIRONMENT AS HEAT DUE TO FRICTION BETWEEN BALL,RAMP,AND AIR
IN BIOLOGY, __ ENERGY IS CHANGED TO __ ENERGY WHEN CHEMICAL,TRANSPORT,AND MECHANICAL WORK IS NEEDED.	POTENTIAL ENERGY TO KINETIC ENERGY
WHAT 2 LAWS GOVERN THE TRANSFER OF ENERGY	1ST AND 2ND LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
What is the law that states the total amt of energy in the universe stays constant;nothing enters or leaves,energy jUSt converts to another type	first law of thermodynamics or law of conservation of energy
T/F THE UNIVERSE IS CONSIDERED TO BE A CLOSED SYSTEM AND SO IS THE HUMAN BODY	FALSE;HUMAN BODY IS OPEN SYS / UNIVERSE IS A CLOSED SYSTEM
WHAT HAPPENS TO ENERGY THAT STAYS IN OUR BODIES	CHANGES FROM ONE TYPE TO ANOTHER [CHEMICAL,TRANSPORT,MECHANICAL WORK]
THE 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS STATES THAT NATURAL SPONTANEOUS PROCESSES MOVE FROM ___ TO ___.	ORDER (NONRANDOMNESS) TO RANDOMNESS/DISORDER/ENTROPHY
IN OPEN SYSTEM LIKE THE BODY,WHAT IS NEEDED TO CREATE AND MAINTAIN ORDER	INPUT OF ENERGY
WHY DOES DIORDER OR ENTROPHY BEGIN?	OPEN SYSTEMS LOSE ENERGY TO SURROUNDINGS W/OUT REGAINING IT
IN A BIOLOGICAL SYS,____ REACTIONS ARE CRITICAL MEANS OF TRANSFERRING ENERGY FROM ONE PART OF THE SYS TO ANOTHER	CHEMICAL REACTIONS