Step 3

Description:	data based on UW, Kaplan Q bank, book etc
Category:	USMLE
Created by:	delph on 2009-01-27

Question	Answer
Gastroparesis in DM symptoms	post-prandial fullness, hypoglycemia, sweating, dizziness, constipation
Gastroparesin in DM RX	metoclopramide, erythromycin
Drugs that lead to hypercalcemia	thiazides, lithium
Calcium greater than 12 or symptoms	NSS IV 3-6 l in 24 h, furosemide if necessary
Hungry bones syndrome	hypocalcemia post op removal of parathyroid adenoma
Sarcoidosis	increase in vit D levels
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia	low 24 h urine calcium
Chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto)	antimicrosomal antibodies
Drugs that lead to hypothyroidism	lithium, ASA
Large nodule (cold) in multinodular goiter (hot)	FNA; if follicular elements
Psammoma bodies	papillary carcinoma of thyroid
Thyroid cancer types	papillary, follicular (hematogenic spread), anaplastic, medullary (MEN); painful, low uptake, increased ESR
Graves disease Rx	bring the patient to euthyroid stae, then: radioactive iodine, steroids for ophtalmopathy
Plummer disease	long-standing multinodular goiters that become thyrotoxic later
Thyroiditis	low 24 h radioactive iodine uptake
Graves disease Dx	increased thyroid, "hot", proptosis, positive TSH Ig
Nitroblue tetrazolium test	chronic granulomatous disease; tets phagocyte fuction, oxidative burst
Cellular deficiency disease	fatal infections after receiving live viral vaccines (MMR, varicella)
Ab deficiency disease	encapsulated organisms, sino
Phagocytic deficiency disease	recurrent abcesses, lymphadenitis, periodontal infections, Gram negatives, catalase positives, e.g. CGD, Chédiak-Higashi
20. Complement deficiency dis	C2-C4: autoimmune dis; terminal: Neisseria; C3: encapsulated, unusual strains
Severe combined immunodeficiency	first year of life, decrease in T and B cells
Ig A deficiency	MC primary immune deficiency, major anaphylatic reaction to blood products
X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia Rx	IV Ig; defect in tyrosine kinase
X-linked lymphoproliferative disease	catastrophic after EBV infection
Chronic granulomatous disease	decreased intracelular and fungal killing; S. aureus, Aspergillus; Rx: prophylatic antibiotics (TMP/SMX, doxycycline), interferon gamma; vaccinate: Haemophilus, Pneumoccocus, Neisseria, viral vaccines
T-cell deficiency Rx	bone marrow transplant
Transfusion in cellular deficient patient	irradiated, leukodepleted, virus free product
C3 deficiency	increased number of pyogenic infections
Properidin and C5 deficiency	increased Neisseria infections
C1 inhibitor deficiency	hereditary angioedema
Decay accelerating factor deficiency	paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Clomiphene citrate use	ovulation induction (for patients with good estrogen production, such as in OPCD)
Pregnancy	increase in alkaline phosphatase does not indicate disease necessarily, may be normal finding
Primary hypothyroidism	may lead to increase in pituitary, amenorrhea, galactorrhea
Meconium ileus suspicion	barium enema
Cystic fibrosis tests	sweat test, nasal potential testing
Hepatitis B mother	breastfeed is OK!
Graves in pregnancy Rx	propylthiouracil
Cocaine use in pregnancy	placental abruption
Clue cells	bacterial vaginosis; Rx
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy	third trimester
RF for ectopic pregnancy	age, PID, salpingitis, more than 3 pregnancies
Testicular feminization	dysfunction or absence of testosterone receptors; patient is XY, normal breast development, scant pubic and axilar hair, blind vagina, undescendent testicles, may be felt on the groin.
fever greater than 38 C in less than 4 m.o.	admission, IV antibiotics, full evaluation, multiple cultures
Pyloric stenosis	non-bilious emesis, midepigastric olive: Dx
MCC of jaundice in pregnancy	viral hepatitis