-1215 English nobles forced king john to sign the MAGNA CARTA ~the Magna Carta was a document holding laws about the king making laws with out asking the nobles -these laws were thing such as taxes -another right was to be able to own private property PARLIAMENT -under the Magna Carta the nobles founded a group, thus was called the parliament -parliament was a 2 house legislator -A LEGISLATER is a group of people who have the power to make laws -The nobles were put into the House of Lords, who mostly inherited there titles as nobles -no monarch could raise taxes with out the consent of parliament -King Charles didn’t want parliament -he wanted all the power to himself -1640’s this made the Civil War -Parliament won the war of course -They executed the king -parliament briefly ruled England -1660 monarchies was restored -parliament removed King James from the thrown and had his daughter and daughters husband rule. - This was called the glorious revolution in 1689 -A BILL OF RIGHTS written list of rights that the government promises to protect -This restated the Magna Carta a lot - (it was similar to it) -HABEAS CORPUS the principle that a person cannot be held in prison without being charges with a specific crime. - FREEDOM OF THE PRESS- the right for journalists to publicize the truth without restriction or penalty -John Peter Zenger got arrested for writing bad stuff about the governor -Zenger was charged with LIBEL, or the publishing of statements that damage a person’s reputation. -now under modern law, the statement must be untrue to be considered LIBEL - HOWEVER AT THAT TIME English laws punished any writing that criticized the government -At Zenger’s trial he was not proven guilty because he was only telling the truth.

REGUALATING TRADE - 1651 parliament passed 3 laws of navigation acts to help support mercantilism - 1) Shipments from Europe to colonies had to go through England first - 2) Any imports to England from the colonies had to be built and owned by British subjects - 3)the colonists could sell key products to England, this helped create jobs - Key products were, tobacco and sugar - This ended up being good for the colonist and England

COLONIAL SOCIATY

A farm required work from the whole family -farms were usually by dense forests -this made it important that families were close nit - Family member helped plant, cultivate, and harvest crops -there were always fences to mend, animals to tend, and wood to chop - The farm houses were usually very cold in the winter -There was occasionally fireplace in a living room - The lives of men and woman were different -woman did most of the work -they cooked-made cloths-did the farming -milked cows -took care of children And much more

-children started working at around 7 years of age -when they were younger though they played games -once they were 7 they had to do household chores - or if they were pore they would become household servants for another family - Social classes

Gentry,- these were the snotty rich people -they pretty much spat on anyone below them because they were considered bad and unworthy at this time era - They lived in very nice houses and often had servants The servants were usually poor children working for extra money for there family - Often owned large parts of towns, or villages,

Middle class- the good natured people

-not rich nor poor -didn’t usually own servants

Lower class -poor -there children worked as servants for the rich -they did a great deal more work to help there family make ends meat

Indentured Servants

-Usually Africans or Indians captured to be made into slaves -In order to have a chance of being free they were forced to work as a slave for a series of years -the years would be on a contract -The average servant would work for 3-7 years -Once there time was done they would be set free -this was because the owners often worked them so hard they would die

-John Lock had some of the key ideas from the enlightenment. -Believes people had natural rights -rights you should automatically have from birth, life, liberty, and property -he did not believe in divine rights, that monarchs get there authority to rule directly from God. - Colonial schools, taught religion, and basic skills, reading, writing, and arithmetic, they learned from a horn book -A public school, school supported by taxes, anyone can go as long taxes are paid -dame school, schools that women open in there homes to teach boys and girl reading and writing. Aka home schools -Ann Bradstreet, first colonial poet. -Phyllis weatly was an enslaved African poet who lived in Boston. -Montesquieu was a French leader, or thinker who also influenced American ideas. -He favored separation of powers, the division of the power of the government into separate branches. -this protects people because it keeps groups gaining too much power. -Great Awakening 1) Religious tolerance 2) Reinforced democratic ideas -slave codes are strict laws that restricted the right in activities in slaves. -Spanish and Portuguese were the first to bring Africans to the Americas -They brought over 10,000,000 -British, Dutch, and French also brought over slave trade. -middle massage was the brutal voyage of slaves to across the Atlantic. -15-20% died or committed suicide during the trip -sold as one or in groups

Triangular trade -Three way trade between colonies, islands of Caribbean, and Africa -First leg ships from New England carry fish, lumber, and other goods to the Caribbean’s, bought sugar and molasses to make sugar and rum. -slavery took root because of the plantation system -they needed to run plantations because they made profits from tobacco and rice -planter liked slaves over servants -1652 there Rhode island there were attempts to pass the first anti-slavery law -Georgia had a ban on slavery till 1750’s then it was lifted