| Question |
Answer |
| What are the 3 types of compression devices? |
Tubigrip Long and short stretch wraps Pneumatic compression pumps |
| Which of the compression wraps do you have to meausure the circumference of the ankle before applied? |
Pneumatic and profore (multiple layer dressings) |
| Compression is a type of ___, _____ force |
External, mechanical |
| By increasing the amount of pressure on a body part, you are improving: |
Fluid balance,Circulation,Scar tissue,Tissue healing (by reducing edema) |
| Compression prevents fluid from escaping ____ |
Vasculature |
| Compression aids in the return of fluid back to ____ |
Vasculature |
| Compression decreases risk of ____ for patients with venous insufficiency |
ulceration |
| What is the primary clinical application of compression? |
Control of peripheral edema |
| Peripheral edema can be caused by: |
Vascular or lymphatic dysfunction,Local trauma and associated fluid accumulation |
| Arteries’ N pressure = |
32mmHg |
| Veins N pressure = |
15mmHg |
| ____ diffuse out of the capillary bed, while _____ go into the cap. bed |
Proteins; waste products |
| When shaping a residual limb, do you use stump shapers (stump sock) for sub or acute ampuatation? |
Sub acute |
| When shaping a residual limb, do you use ace wraps for sub or acute ampuatation? |
Acute |
| 2 types of compression are: |
Static and intermittent |
| Static= |
Constant compressive forces |
| Intermittent: this gives a “____ effect” |
Milking |
| May be the most beneficial type of compression |
intermitten |
| Hydrostatic pressure: typically weaker or stronger inside bl vessel? |
Stronger |
| Hydrostatic pressure pushes fluid out into ____ |
Interstitial spaces |
| What are the determinants for hydrostatic pressure? |
BP,Gravity effects,Vessel permeability,Size of veinistrations |
| Osmotic pressure: determined by ____ |
Protein concentration in blood |
| How do you measure the protein concentration in a pt’s bl? |
Albumin level |
| What level of albumin is too low? |
2 dL |
| osmotic pressure: Typically higher in or out of the bl vessel? |
in |
| Os pressure: pulls fluid back into ____ |
Capillary network |
| What 3 main things can alter Hydrostatic and Os. Pressure? |
Diet,Mm contraction,Vascular dysfunction and circulatory conditions |
| mm contraction: if you have loss of function, then you lose _____ |
Mm pump |
| Nml ankle pressure = |
90mmHg |
| ankle pressure with mm contraction = |
200mmHg |
| What is the primary factor for moving bl and lymphatic fluid? |
Calf mm pump |
| Bl goes up, but since the valves in the veins are messed up, the bl falls right back down, this is known as what? |
venous reflux? |
| When more and more bl collects in the veins, which increases the pressure of the veins = ?? |
VHTN---distended veins |
| Increased pressure in communicating and superficial veins; from obstructed vessel or heredity |
Varicose veins |
| Occurs when increased pressure causes RBCs to get out of tissue; skin gets really dark |
Hemocidia |
| When you’re pregnant, you have an increase in ____ and ___ |
Bl volume and hydrostatic pressure |
| Hardening of skin is called |
Fibrosis |
| A protein rich environment leads to ____ |
infection |
| Infection causes decreased ___ &___ |
O2 and waste removal |
| If a pt is immobile, do you want to actively compress at all times? |
Yes |
| What kind of wraps would you use for imobile pt? |
Elastic or long stretch |
| If a pt is mobile, do you need a tight stretch on the LE all the time? |
No |
| what kind of wrap do you use for mobile pt? |
Inelastic, short stretch |
| P= NxTx4620 divided by CxW,this equation is the Law of ____ and determines |
LaPlace\pressure, number of layers, tension of wrap, and width of pressure you should apply to a pt according to their limb’s circumference |
| Tubigrip applies ___ mmHg |
10-15 mmHg |
| TED hose applies ____mmHg |
18 mmHg |
| Multi-layer bandages apply ____ mmHg |
30-40mmHg |
| Should compression stockings be applied to someone is on their feet all day? |
no |
| The pressure applied on a LE with a pneumatic pump:Calf= |
14 |
| The pressure applied on a LE with a pneumatic pump:Knee= |
8 |
| The pressure applied on a LE with a pneumatic pump:Lower thigh= |
10 |
| The pressure applied on a LE with a pneumatic pump:Upper thigh= |
8 |
| How much pressure should healthy everyday ppl that are on their feet all day wear? |
20-25mm Hg |
| What do you do before you apply compression? |
Check for adequate bl flow to extremity |
| Tx time for intermitten compression usu: |
1-4 hrs,3 x wk,up to twice a day |
| Whats best to incorporate during intermitten compression tx? |
Gravity(elevate legs)Prior:Inspect skin,During:Check BP,Post tx:Re-inspect skin, re-measure girth of extremity, check BP, apply other compression |
| How high should the compression pressure be for the pt? |
20 mmHg below diastolic |
| The pressure applied on a LE with a pneumatic pump:Feet= |
18 |
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