| Question |
Answer |
| cut CN IX and X bilaterally - what is hemodynamic result? |
tachycardia with hypertension |
| EKG with random electrical activity without recognizable QRS complexes |
ventricular fibrillation |
| what can atenolol cause in high doses? |
bradycardia and varying degrees of AV block |
| what causes increased pulse pressure? |
stiffening of arteries/ decreased arterial compliance |
| what maintains a PDA? |
PGE analog - alprostadil |
| what artery is usually compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome? |
subclavian |
| what is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in adults? |
ischemic heart disease |
| sudden death in heart transplant patient? |
graft vascular disease |
| cardiac defect associated with Fragile X? |
MV prolapse and aortic root dilation |
| cardiac finding in SIDS? |
right ventricular hypertrophy |
| endocarditis in patient with colon CA? |
strep bovis |
| how does cocaine cause hypertension? |
blocks NE reuptake |
| what substance responsible for calcified valves? |
calcium phosphate |
| high risk for digitoxin therapy with what metabolic problem? |
hypokalemia |
| decreased arterial pressure, increased systemic venous pressure, and small, quiet heart |
cardiac tamponade |
| rupture of ventricular wall leading to hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade, rupture of IV septum, rupture of papillary muscle can occur when post-MI? |
5-10 days |
| what is the initial alteration leading to atherosclerosis? |
injury to endothelial lining |
| in compensated aortic coarctation, what is decreased? |
vascular resistance in lower body |
| drugs recommended for patients with diabetes and renal complications (e.g. hyperuricemia)? |
ACE inhibitors |
| bacterial endocarditis in tricuspid valve? |
IVDA |
| what artery is frequently damaged in knee dislocations? |
popliteal |
| proper initial treatment for patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? |
metoprolol |
| anti-hypertensive causing gynecomastia? |
spironolactone |
| what increases upon removal of a kidney? |
total peripheral resistance |
| beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity not recommended for patients with angina |
acebutolol and pindolol |
| patient with vasculitic symptoms, eosiniophilia, and asthma? |
Churg-Strauss |
| access to vertebral artery via what? |
suboccipital triangle |
| patients who develop digitoxin toxicity gradually during chronic therapy are often taking what type of drugs? |
diuretics - hypokalemia and hypomagnesia |
| increased stroke volume causes what to happen to pulse pressure? in what type of patients is this seen? |
wide pulse pressure - anemic patients |
| endomyocardial fibrosis with myocyte necrosis and a prominent eosinophilic infiltrate? |
Loeffler endocarditis - result of direct toxicity to heart by proteins in eosinophil granules designed to kill large parasites |
| what types of pericarditis may follow acute MI? |
fibrinous and serofibrinous pericarditis |
| what is caseous pericarditis typically due to? |
TB |
| these types of pericarditis can be seen in uremia, chest radiation, rheumatic fever, SLE, and following chest trauma |
fibrinous and serofibrinous |
| this type of pericarditis is seen when pyogenic infections involve the pericardium, e.g. after cardiothoracic surgery |
purulent pericarditis |
| this type of pericarditis is seen in non-infectious inflammations, e.g. rheumatic fever, lupus, scleroderma, tumors, and uremia |
serous pericarditis |
| amyloid deposition in the myocardium results in what type of cardiomyopathy? |
restrictive - can be seen in RA and other long-standing inflammatory conditions |
| what murmur is associated with a bicuspid aortic valve? |
immediate diastolic murmur |
| what structures have the highest ratio of wall cross-sectional area to lumen cross-sectional area? |
arterioles |
| what type of protein is associated with RA? |
AA amyloid protein |
| another name for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? |
idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis |
| administration of epinephrine after what type of drug causes a decrease in BP? |
alpha adrenergic antagonist, e.g. phentolamine - blockes epi's vasoconstrictive action on arterioles |
HHS Shrek
