| Greek God/Goddess |
God of.../Roman name/orgin |
| Chaos |
-Matter without form |
| Gaia |
-(Earth) Goddess of Earth
-Born from Chaos
-Gives birth to Uranus, Mountains, and Sea |
| Tartarus |
Giant endless pit- Created by Chaos |
| Uranus |
-(Sky)God of the Sky
-Born from Gaia and Marries Gaia
-Castrated by his son Cronus and from his genitals-Aphrodite is born. |
| Hieros Gamos |
-Sacred Marriage of Uranus and Gaia |
| Titans |
-12 children born from Uranus and Gaia
|
| Titaness Themis |
-Goddess of Justice |
| Titan Oceanus and Titaness Tethys |
-God and Goddess of the Sea
-Brother and sister who marry
-parents of the Oceanids(3,000 girls) and River Gods(3,000 boys) |
| Titan Hyperion |
-Lord of the Sun
-Marries his sister Titaness Theia
-Has 3 children: Selene, Eos, and Helios |
| Selene |
-Goddess of the Moon (born from Hyperion)
-Drives a chariot w/ 2 horses, dragging the moon across the sky. |
| Eos |
-(Aurora)Goddess of the Dawn(born from Hyperion
-Also drives a chariot across the sky
-Falls in love w/ mortal Tithonus-granted immortality w/out eternal youth... |
| Helios |
-God of the Sun
-Born from Hyperion
-Also drives chariot across the sky, explaining why the sun goes from East to West |
| Titaness Mnemosyne |
-Goddess of Memory
-1st girlfriend of Zeus
-Bears Zeus 9 children: 'The Nine Muses'
|
| Titan Cronus |
-(Saturn) God of the Sky
-Marries Rhea
-Castrates his father Uranus
-Overthrown by his Son Zeus for eating his children(Zeus's brothers and sisters)
|
| Titaness Rhea |
-Goddess of the Earth and Fertility
-Cronus's Wife
-Mother of Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus |
| Zeus |
-(Jupiter) Ruler of the Universe
-Supreme God of Sky, Mountains, Kings, Hospitality, Thunder and Lightening, Moral Behavior, Storerooms, and Orderliness
-In Art: Bearded, Thunderbolt, Eagle
|
| Titanomachy |
-WAR: Zeus VS. the Titans
(Gaia wants control)
-Battle where Zeus and the Olympians defeat Cronus and the Titans |
| Giantomachy |
-War: Zeus and the Olympians VS. the Giants
(Giants created by Gaia)
|
| Typhoeus |
-Snake Monster
-Created by Gaia as last attempt to defeat Zeus
-Zeus Won
|
| Prometheus |
-Creator of Mankind
-Son of Titaness Themis
-Stole fire from the Gods to warm human race -Punished by Zeus; chained to a rock and his liver eaten by an eagle daily.
|
| Pandora |
-Created by Zeus:She is the first Woman
-Sent to Earth w/ a jar containing ALL that is evil/told not to open/ and she does.
|
| Ganymede |
-Cupbearer of the Gods
-Trojan prince kidnapped by Zeus
-Zeus's male love affair
|
| IO |
-Love affair of Zeus's
-Zeus turns her into a cow after Hera suspects adultery
|
| Metis |
-Goddess of Wisdom
-Love affair w/ Zeus and is swallowed by him
after becoming pregnant
-Mother to Athena
|
| Semele |
-Love affair w/ Zeus
-Killed by Zeus's lightening bolt
-Son: Dionysus is born from Zeus's leg |
| Europa |
-Love affair w/ Zeus
-Taken by Zeus in the form of a Bull and rides off Crete
-Son: King Minos of Crete |
| Hera |
-(Juno) Goddess of Marriage and Wives
-Zeus's Wife
-Symbols: Peacock, Cows, and Cuckoo bird
-Children w/ Zeus: Hephaestus, Ares , Eileithyia, and Hebe |
| IO |
-Love affair w/ Zeus in the form of a mist
-Suspicions by Hera, so Zeus turns her into a cow
-Hera takes cow(Io) to be watched over by Argus
-Rescued by Hermes after he bores Argus to death |
| Pan |
-God of the Shepards/forests
-Goatlike Creature w/ horns and tail
-Very bi-sexual and seduces animals |
| Hestia |
-(Vesta) Goddess of Fire and Hearth
-Daughter of Cronus and Rhea
-Zeus's Sister
|
| Eileiytheia |
-Goddess of Childbirth(assists in childbirth)
-Daughter of Zeus and Hera |
| Hebe |
-Cupbearer to the Gods(Replaced by Ganymede)
-Daughter of Zeus and Hera
-Marries Heracles on Mt. Olympus |
| Hephaestus |
-(Vulcan) God of fire and craftsmanship
-Son of Zeus and Hera
-Lame (poor legs)
-Marries Aphrodite & catches her cheating w/ Ares |
| Eris |
-Goddess of Strike/Discord
-Child of Nyx(night) |
| Nemesis |
-Goddess of Retribution/Fate
(Evil pursuing fate)
-Child of Nyx (night) |
| Tyche |
Goddess of Fortune and Chance |
| The Three Fates(Moirai) |
-Clotho, Lachesis, & Atropos
-Spinners and Weavers of life's existence
-Daughters of Zeus and Titaness Themis
-Clotho spins thread(substance), Lachesis measures it(length), and Atropos cuts(ends)
|
| The Nine(9) Muses |
-Patron Goddesses of Arts and Crafts
-Daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
-Inspire others through each of their indivudual traits |
| Ares |
-(Mars) God of War
-Represents worst aspects of war:bloodshed, fear, and death.
-Son of Zeus and Hera
-in Art: Has an entourage of pain, strife, & panic and wears a helmet
-Father of Eros(cupid) w/ Aphrodite |
| Eros |
-(Cupid) God of Love
-Always has wings & bows and arrows
-Becomes younger w/ time- eventually an infant
-Son of Aphrodite and Ares |
| Psyche |
-Falls in love with and Marries Eros
-She disobeys contract of marriage and has a number of deeds to accomplish before gaining his love back(per Aphrodite) |
| Aphrodite |
-(Venus) Goddess of Love, Sex & Procreation, beauty and passion 'Fertility Goddess'
-Marries Hephaestus but falls in love w/ Ares
-In Art: Naked, washing herself, and seen w/ 3 Graces & Horae |
| Pripas |
-God of Fertility/ or phallic God of Gardens
-Son of Aphrodite/father: Hermes, Zeus, or Pan?
-Always has very large penis
|
| The Three Graces |
-(or Charites)
-Aphrodite's attendants
|
| The Horae |
-The Hours/The Seasons
-daughters of Zeus and Themis
-Attendants to Aphrodite
|
| Pygmalion |
- Sculpture who created ivory statue of Galatea
-Aphrodite answered prayers- bringing her to life |
| Adonis |
-Resurrection God
-Son of Cinyras and Myrrah (father and daughter); Born from a tree
-Avid Hunter whom Aphrodite falls in love with
-Gets attacked, dies, and from his blood sprung the first Anemone flower.
- |
| Anchises |
-A mortal Trojan prince
-Seduced by Aphrodite posing as a virgin mortal
-Son w/ Aphrodite : Aeneas
|
| Aphrodite Urania |
- Aphrodite born from Uranus's genitals
-Represents sacred, spiritual side of love and passion
|
| Aphrodite Pandemos |
- Aphrodite born from Zeus and Dione(female Zeus)
-Represents the physical side(s) of satisfaction and attraction
|
| Poseidon |
-(Neptune) God of the Sea, Horses, and Earthquakes
-Son of Cronus and Rhea/ Brother to Zeus
-Husband to Amphitrite (a Nereid)
-Rides a chariot pulled by Hippocampuses, carries a trident, bearded, aquatic settings
-
|
| Titan Oceanus and Titaness Tethys |
-Titan Brother and sister who marry
-Children of Uranus and Gaia
-Parents to the Oceanids
-Oceanus has crab-claw horns
|
| Nereus |
-(Proteus)Old man of the sea
-Foretells the future
-Shapeshifter
-Ruled the ocean before Poseidon
- Father to the 50 Nereids
|
| Thetis |
-A Nereid/ Daughter to Nereus
-was destined to bear a child more powerful that Zeus
-Zeus arranged a marriage to Peleus(although her has to 'catch' her)
-Has a Son: Achillies |
| Triton |
-Trumpeter of the Sea
-half man/ half fish
-Son to Poseidon and Apmhitrite |
| Scylla |
-Female sea-monster
-Human head and torso, serpent tail, and six dog heads
-Multiple versions describing her transformation
|
| Charybdis |
-Huge whirlpool in the straits of Messina(between Sicily and Italy)
-Female...Scylla lurks
-Sucks in innocent ships as they pass by
|
| Athena |
-(Minerva)Goddess of War, crafts & arts, wisdom, and weaving *"Virgin Goddess"
-Daughter to Zeus and Metis(Born from Zeus's head)
-Creator of flute
-In Art: Owl, wears head of Medusa, snakes in hand/or at feet, helmet/shield, Nike
-Created olive tree |
| Pallas Athena |
-Athena's best friend was Pallas
-Athena accidentally killed her during a mock battle
-In memory Athena took on her name |
| Arachne |
-Athena challenged her to weaving contest
-Arachne's weaving offended Athena- Therefore, Athena turned her into the first spider...forever weaving.
|
| Marsayas |
-Satyr who found Athena's flute
-Challenged Apollo to music contest
-Apollo won and requested that Marsayas be skinned alive |
| Erechthonios/Erechtheus |
-Child born from the ground, after Hephaestus ejaculated on Athena
-Athena gave baby to King Cecrops's daughters(wrapped in snakes)
-The daughters jumped to the death- at the sight of the child |
| Nike |
- Goddess of Victory
- Winged pixie
-Helper to the Gods(often associated w/ Athena) |
| Artemis |
-(Diana) Virgin Goddess of Chasity, the Hunt, childbirth, moon and animals
-Daughter of Zeus & Leto(Apollos-twin sister)
-In art: Always clothed, bows & arrows, crescent moon on head, and with animals
|
| Callisto |
-A nymph follower of Artemis
-Raped by Zeus and was impregnated
-Hid pregnancy from Artemis
-when Artemis found out she was no longer a virgin- She turned her into a bear
-Had a son: Arcas-also became a bear
(hence the stars Ursa Major & Minor-Great |
| Actaeon |
-Avid Hunter who stumbled upon Artemis and ladies bathing in stream
-Artemis peeved; turned him into a stag
-Actaeon's hounds, smelling meat, then tore him apart |
| Niobe |
-Queen of Thebes who brags that she is superior to Leto/having 12 children to Leto's 2
-Angered: Artemis kills Niobe's 6 daughters and Apollo kills her 6 sons. |
| Hippolytus |
-Obsessed with Artemis
-Shuns ALL women
-Rejects Aphrodite and his stepmother(Phaedra-who commits suicide from shame)
-And is cursed and dies
|
| Hecate |
-Goddess of the moon, ghosts, witchcraft-all things dark
-carries a torch
-Given by Zeus the gift of having a part of heaven, earth, and the underworld/knows ALL
-usually 3 women:Selene, Hecate, and Artemis |
| Apollo |
-God of the reason and intelligence, Sun, Light, Healing&Disease, Prophecy, Arts, and Civilization
-in Art: naked,never bearded, lyar, hair rolled
-Son of Zeus and Leto (sister Artemis-born @ Delos) )
-Associated w/ the 9 muses(supervisor) |
| Daphne |
-Apollo's obsession, she rejects him- calls to the river gods for help- and they turn her into a tree. (why Apollo wears a laurel branch in his hair) |
| Asclepius |
-Greek God of Medicine
-Son of Apollo and Coronis
- Can hear animals
-Art: Snake-like Staff
-Is killed by Zeus- for bringing back the dead |
| Hygeia |
-Asclepius's Daughter
- Minor Goddess of Health and Cleanliness |
| King Midas |
-Grows donkey ears/ after disagreeing in music challenge w/ Apollo and Marsyas
-Apollo is sentenced under Midas's supervision(for killing Zeus's cyclops)- And in return Apollo grants Midas a wish- "King of Gold" |
| Hermes |
-(Mercury) God of Boundaries, thieves & tricksters, shepherds & cowards, and travelers 'Messenger of the Gods'
-Son of Zeus and Maia
-Stole Apollos cattle/kills Argus
-Child: Hermaphroditus
-winged sandl;es, travelers hat, serpent staff |
| Herm |
-Boundary marker associated w/ Hermes |
| Dionysus |
-(Bacchus)God of the grape/wine, madness, music, ecstasy
-Son of Zeus and Semele (born from Zeus's leg)
-Associated w/ grapes/vines/leopards, masks
-Married to Ariadne/ Holds a kantharos
|
| Maenads |
-Followers of Dionysus who hunt and nurse small animals
-Brings Hepthesus back to Mt. olympus |
| Silenus |
-Godfather/Tutor/ Mentor to Dionysus |
| Satyrs |
-Half Human/Half ass- tails, donkey ears
-Chase Maenads
-Love music
|
| Teiresias |
-Blind Prophet |
| Demeter |
-(Ceres)Goddess of everything that grows and agriculture
- daughter of Cronus and Rhea
-Persephonea is her daughter/kidnapped |
| Triptolemus/Demophoon |
- Baby boy whose nurse is Demeter
-Demeter burns baby every night to rid the Mortal
|
| Eleusunian Mysteries |
-A cult in which one can only be initiated into- a process of becoming dean and then cleansed |
| Baubo |
-Makes Demeter 'Laugh' by her perverted acts |
| Thesmophoria |
-Ritual for married women
Day 1- throw pigs and penises into fire pit
Day 2- Mock one another
day 3- Retrieve burnt pigs and penises, give to men to fertilize fields |
| Hades |
(Pluto) God of the Underworld
-Kidnapps Persephone and marries her
- |
| Hypnos and Thantos |
-Sleep and Death (brothers) |
| Cerberus |
-Hellhound'- Guard of the gates
- 3 headed dog |
| The Furies |
Punished people who killed their mothers |
| Erinyes/Ker |
-Cause of one's death and suffering |
| Charon |
-Ferryman of the Dead |
| River Styx |
-Passage way to the underworld |
| River Lethe |
After River Styx- you reached River Lethe and drank from it to forget your past |
| Elysian Fields |
-Where the 'good' go to die |
| Sisyphsus |
-outwitted death
-Punishment to roll rock uphill for eternity |
| Tantalus |
-Fed the gods his son
-punished by being tantalized for eternity with thirst and hunger |
| Danaids |
-50 daughters who killed their husbands
-Punished by having to refill water forever |
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