| AIDS |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
| Risk factor |
sexual contact with infected person |
parenteral exposure to infected blood by transfusion or needle sharing |
perinatal exposure |
asymptomatic for 10 yrs |
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(blank) |
| systemic complaints |
fever and night sweats |
weight loss |
anorexia |
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| Sinopulmonary disease |
pneumonia |
infections with mycobacterium tuberculosis |
interstitial infections ( due to kaposis sarcoma, non-hodgkins lymphoma) |
sinusitis |
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| CNS diseases |
intracerebral space occupying leisions( taxoplasmosis, lymphoma, bacterial abscess, cryptococcomas, tuberculoma, nocardia leision, |
encephalopathy ( aids dementia complex) |
meningitis |
spinal chord problems ( leg weakness, incontinence, spastic parapareisis) |
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| PNS problems |
sensory neuropathys |
mono or polyneuropathy |
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| rhumatologic manifistations |
arthritis ( involving large joints) |
sicca syndrome |
psoriatic arthritis |
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| myopathies |
proximal muscle weakness |
muscle tenderness |
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| visual changes |
cytomegalovirus retinitis (eye herpes) |
cotton-wool spots |
retinal infections |
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| oral leisions |
oral candidiasis |
hairy leukoplakia (epstein-barr) |
angular cheilitis ( candida infections) |
gingival disease |
aphthous ulcers |
(blank) |
| GIT manifistation |
candidal esophogitis |
hepatic disorder |
biliary tract disease ( acalculous cholecystisis, sclerosing cholangitis, papillary stenosis) |
enterocolitis ( bacteria, viruses, protozoa) |
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| endocrinologic manifistation |
adrenal insufficiency |
high levels of tryodithorine T3 tryoxineT4 and tbg |
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| Skin manifistation |
vesicular eruptions ( herpes simplex and zoster) |
spreading leisions |
folliculitis, furuncles, bullus impetigo |
rashes in inguinal region |
sborrheric dermititis, psoriasis |
xerosis with sever pruritis, red and purple paulesaposi's sarcoma |
| gynecological manifistations |
vagina candidiasis |
cervical dysplasia |
cervical neoplasia |
pelvic inflammatory disease |
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| HIV- related malignancys |
Kaposi's Sarcoma |
non-Hodgkins Lymphoma |
primary lymphoma of brain |
invasive cervical carcinoma |
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| Diagnosis |
screening seralogic test- ELISA |
confirmatory test- Western Blot |
Molecular Biology technique- polymerase chain reaction |
core protein antigen determination (p24 antigen) |
Laboratory markers (absolute CD4 lymphocyte count, viral load test, beta-2 microglobulin determination |
(blank) |
| Treatment |
AZT and DDI |
Immune modulators and cytokines (interferon Beta and interleukin 2) |
granulocyte colony stimulating factor |
erythropoietin |
prophylaxis for opportunistic infections |
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| prophylaxis |
for PCP (trymethoprim, aerosol penta, dapsone) |
myobacterium avium intracellular infection ( clarithromyacin, rifabutin) |
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| SIDE EFFECTS of AZD and Tx |
bone marrow supression , decrease in RBC results in anemia, decrease in wbc more sucessptible to infection and no platelet synthesis |
USE GMSF to increase WBC |
blood transfusion |
erythropoetin to cure anemia and stimulate RBC |
other SE include transiet mayalga- muscle pain that comes and goes, fatigue, and headach |
(blank) |
| EFFECTS of DDI |
pancreatitis - inflammation of pancreas( problems digesting fats) (vitamin adek defficient) |
peripheral neurop-parasthesia ( pins and needles) occurse 9 moths after using DDI |
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Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
