| Question |
Answer |
| Fat soluble vitamins |
A D E K |
| Where are fat soluble vitamins absorbed? |
ileum, but also depends on pancreas |
| B-vitamins |
B1=thiamine
B2=riboflavin
B3=niacin
B5=pantothenic acid
B6=pyridoxine B12=cobalamin |
| Vit A: Function? Deficiency? Source? Excess? |
aka Retinol
Function: constituent of visual pigment
Deficiency: night blindness, dry skin
Source: leafy greens, carrots (as a precursor B-carotene)
Excess: Arthralgias, fatigue, HA, sore throat, alopecia |
| Vit B1: Function? Deficiency? Source? |
aka thiamine
Function: cofactor for oxidative decarboxylation (TCA cycle: a-ketoglutarate->succinyl CoA), pyruvate dehydrogenase, and HMP shunt and branched AA dehydrogenase
Deficiency: early lose appetite, peripheral neuropathy, later wernicke-korsak |
| Vit B2: Function? Deficiency? |
aka riboflavin (becomes FAD or FMN)
Function: cofactor for red/ox of FAHDH2 (its converterd into FAD or FMN) Deficiency: cheliosis (angular stomatitis), corneal vascularization "think 2C's" |
| Vit B3: Function? Deficiency? Source? |
aka niacin
Function: converted into NAD or NADP Deficiency:Pellagras: Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Dementia
Source: from diet or converted into B3 from tryptophan (with the help of B6) "think 3D's"
comment: tends to only occur in places that rely corn (low |
| Vit B5: Function? |
aka pantothenoic acid
Function: constituent of CoA and Fatty Acid synthase |
| Vit B6: Function? Deficiency? |
aka pyrixodine
Function: cofactor for transammination, decarboxylation, heme synth, & conversion of tryptophan into Vit B3
Deficiency: Sideroblastic anemia (microcytic) convulsions, irritability, peripheral neuropathy. Def induced by INH & OCPs |
| Vit B12: Function? Deficiency? Source? |
aka cobalamin
Functions: 1)converts methyl-THF into THF which is needed for nucleotide synthesis. 2) converts homocysteine into methionine 3) allows odd chain fatty acids to enter the TCA cycle (as succinyl CoA)
Deficiency: megaloblastic/macrocytic an |
| Biotin: Function? Deficiency? |
Cofactor conversion of acetyl coA into fatty acid
deficiency: causes dermatitis and enteritis |
| Vit C: Function? Deficiency? |
aka ascorbic acid
Function: collagen synth, iron absorption, conversion of dopamine into NE
Deficiency: causes Scurvy (swollen gums, bruising, anemia, poor wound healing) |
| Vit D: Function? Deficiency? Source? Forms? |
Function: increases intestinal absorption of Ca and PO4
Deficiency: causes rickets (kids), osteomalacia (adults), and hypocalcemia (tetany)
Source: D2 from fortified milk D3 from sunlight conversion in skin
Forms: 25-OH D3 = storage form, 1,25(OH)2 D |
| Vit E: Function? Deficiency? Excess? |
Function: antioxidant (esp protects RBCs)
Deficiency: neurolodysfunction and hemolytic anemia (due to incr fragility of erythrocytes)
Excess: can interfere w/Vit K
|
| Vit K: Function? Deficiency? Source? |
Function: Catalyzes gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues. needed for clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10, proteins C & S
Deficiency: causes clotting defects (bleeding, bruising, increased PT time)
Source: Intestinal flora |
| Zinc: Function? Deficiency? |
Function: cofactor for many metalloenzymes deficiency: causes delayed wound healing, hypogonadism (less adult hair, etc), may presdispose to alcoholic cirrhosis |
| Kwashiorkor |
protein deficient "MEAL". Clinical pic is small child w/swollen belly
M=malnutrition
E=edema
A=anemia
L=liver (fatty) |
| Maramus |
Energy malnutrition (not enough calories) causes depletion of subcutaneous fat and muscle wasting. "typical starvation" |
HHS Shrek
