| Question |
Answer |
| what term means analysis of inheritance patterns to identify and characterize genes? |
genetics |
| what term means biological factors that induce particular traits? |
genes |
| what term means alternate forms of a given gene, inherited from different parents? |
alleles |
| what term means an allele which always determines the phenotype? |
dominant |
| what term means an allele which only determines phenotype in the absence of a dominant allele? |
recessive |
| what term means an entity that carries a mutation? It can be an allele, or an individual. |
mutant |
| what term means the combination of alleles in an individual? |
genotype |
| what term means observable characteristics, i.e. the physical manifestation of the genotype? |
phenotype |
| what term means to carry both copies of the same allele, i.e. both dominant or recessive? |
homozygous |
| what term means to have different alleles, i.e. one dominant and one recessive? |
heterozygous |
| what term means a homozygous individual? |
homozygote |
| what term means a heterozygous individual? |
heterozygote |
| what term means a cross where one gene locus is tracked, e.g. Aa x Aa? |
monohybrid cross |
| what term means a cross where two loci are tracked, e.g. AaBb x AaBb? |
dibybrid cross |
| what term means a cross where three loci are tracked, e.g. AaBbCc x AaBbCc? |
tribybrid cross |
| what term means the first generation produced in a series of crosses? |
filial one (F1) |
| what term means the second generation produced in a series of crosses? |
filial two (F2) |
| what term means inheritance of alleles at one locus does not influence inheritance at other loci? |
independent assortment |
| what term means sex determining chromosome, X or Y? |
sex chromosomes |
| what term means any chromosome except X or Y? |
autosome |
| what term means a gene located on the X chromosome? |
x-linked (sex linked) |
| what term means any gene not located on X, or characteristic not associated with X? |
autosomal |
| in which gene abbreviation scheme is the recessive shown as a lower case letter, the dominant upper case? |
scheme 1 |
| in which gene abbreviation scheme is the recessive shown as a lower case, italicized abbreviation (usually three letters), and the dominant with the same letters but with a + superscript? |
scheme 2 |
| in which gene abbreviation scheme is the recessive shown in lower case italics, the dominant or wild type as a +? |
scheme 3 |
| in a monohybrid cross, what is the ratio for the F2 genotype? |
1:2:1 |
| in a monohybrid cross, what is the ratio for the F2 phenotype? |
3:1 |
| in a dihybrid cross, what is the ratio for the F2 genotype? |
1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1 |
| in a dihybrid cross, what is the ratio for the F2 phenotype? |
9:3:3:1 |
| nheritance at one locus is dependent of another. is this true or false? |
false |
| why is there an equal number of F1 gametes in a dihybrid cross? |
independent assortment |
| in a dihybrid cross, how many possible combinations occur in the F2 progeny? |
16 |
| what do the numbers 9:3:3:1 represent in the dihybrid F2 phenotype? |
9 are dominant for trait 1 and trait 2; 3 are dominant for trait 1 and recessive for trait 2; 3 are recessive for trait 1 and dominant for trait 2; 1 is recessive for traits 1 and 2 |
| what purpose does a test cross serve? |
it reveals recessive alleles by guaranteeing that they pair with other recessive alleles |
| what is the ratio when crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote? |
1:1 |
| what is the genotype ratio in a test cross? |
1:1 |
| what is the phenotype ratio in a test cross? |
1:1 |
| what question does complementation answer? |
if two mutants with the same phenotype are produced by mutations of the same gene, or by mutations of separate genes |
| why are mutations in different genes complementary? |
because the F1 are wild type heterozygotes |
| why are mutations in the same genes non-complimentary? |
because the F1 are homozygous mutant |
HHS Shrek
