| Question |
Answer |
| analysis of inheritance patterns to identify and characterize genes |
Genetics |
| biological factors that induce particular traits |
Genes |
| alternate forms of a given gene, inherited from different parents |
Alleles |
| the location on a chromosome, often used to refer to the gene at that site |
Locus |
| an allele which always determines the phenotype |
Dominent |
| an allele which only determines phenotype in the absence of a dominant allele |
Recessive |
| and entity that carries an mutation. The entity can be an allele, or an individual. |
Mutant |
| an allele, or individual, that is not mutated; occurring normally in nature. They are usually dominent |
Wild Type Alleles |
| the combination of alleles in an individual
e.g. the genotype for someone with a Brown eye allele and blue eye allele is Bb
|
Genotype |
| observable characteristics. The physical manifestation of the genotype.
e.g. the phenotype of a Bb person is brown eyes.
|
Phenotype |
| to carry both copies of the same allele, i.e. both dominant or recessive (BB or bb) |
Homozygous |
| to have different alleles, i.e. one dominant one recessive (Bb) |
Heterozygous |
| a homozygous individual |
Homozygote |
| heterozygous individual |
Heterozygote |
| a cross where one gene locus is tracked, e.g. Aa x Aa |
Monohybrid Cross |
| a cross where two loci are tracked, e.g. AaBb x AaBb |
Dihybrid Cross |
| the first generation produced in a series of crosses |
Filial 1 |
| the second generation produced in a series of crosses |
Filial two |
| inheritance of alleles at one locus does not influence inheritance at other loci |
Independant assortment |
| sex determining chromosome, X or Y |
Sex chromosome |
| any chromosome except X or Y |
autosome |
| a gene located on the X chromosome |
X linked; sex linked |
| A male who carries an X linked allele |
Hemizygote |
| any gene not located on X, or characteristic not associated with X |
Autosomal |
| a cross where three loci are tracked e.g. AaBbCc x AaBbCc |
Trihybrid cross |
| 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1 |
F2 Genotypic Ratio; Dihybrid Cross |
| 9:3:3:1 |
F2 Phonotypic Ratio; Dihybrid Cross |
| 1:2:1 |
Monohybrid Genotype Ratio |
| 3:1 |
Monohybrid Phenotype Ratio |
Science Vocab 147928
